摘要
中国式现代化蕴含独特的民主观及实践创新,相关议题受到学术界和实务界广泛关注。本研究采用质性与量化分析相结合的方法,先后对453份开放调查资料进行编码、对31个省(自治区、直辖市)的两次调查获得的13394份和3410份数据进行分析,探析中国情境下中国公民民主观的内涵、结构、测量及特征,探讨民主实践评价的测量及状况。结果表明:中国公民民主观的结构包含人民至上、和谐稳定、行政规范、民意凝聚、有序参与、广泛协商、治理高效、民生发展等8个维度,涵盖了公民对个体层面民主价值、行为及系统层面民主制度运行、治理效能的认知、理解、评价和判断,其结构特征可概括为“协和有道”;基于此,形成了包含43个题目的民主观量表和16个题目的民主实践评价量表,两个测量工具经检验均具有良好的信度、效度。本研究结果为探讨当前中国公民民主观、民主实践和推进相关议题的研究开展,提供了有益的理论解析和测量工具支持。
The unique democratic perspective and practical innovations embodied in Chinese-style modernization have garnered widespread attention from academia and practice.However,most existing studies are either theoretical discursive or empirical analyses using questionnaires based on the Western conceptual systems.There is a lack of structural explorations and development of measurement tools for evaluating Chinese citizens’views of democracy and their democratic practices from an emic approach.The present study adopts a mixed-methods approach to address this gap,combining qualitative and quantitative analyses.It first codes 453 open-ended survey data and then analyzes 13,394 and 3,410 data points from two surveys conducted in 96 prefecture-level cities across 31 provincial-level regions(including autonomous regions and municipalities)in China.The study explores the connotations,structure,measurement,and characteristics of Chinese citizens’democratic perspective and the evaluation of democratic practices.The results reveal that the structure of the Chinese citizen’s democratic perspective includes eight dimensions:people-centered philosophy,harmony and stability,standardized administration,public opinion aggregation,orderly participation,extensive consultation and deliberation,efficient governance,and people’s welfare development.These dimensions encompass citizens’perceptions,understandings,evaluations,and judgments regarding democratic values and behaviors at the individual level and the functioning and efficiency of democratic systems at the systemic level.This study summarizes the overall characteristic of Chinese citizens’democratic perspective as the"Concord and Appropriate Way"(协和有道).Based on the above results,this study developed the Democratic Perspective Scale with 43 items and the Democratic Practices Evaluation Scale with 16 items,both of which have good reliability and validity.The research results offer valuable theoretical insights and support the development of measurement tools,contributing to the exploration of Chinese citizens’democratic perspective and democratic practices and advancing related research.
作者
郑建君
吴润琏
Zheng Jianjun;Wu Runlian
出处
《政治学研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期93-109,M0008,M0009,共19页
CASS Journal of Political Science
基金
中国社会科学院重大创新项目“健全全过程人民民主制度体系研究”(2024YZD018)的研究成果。
关键词
中国公民
民主观
结构维度
量表开发
民主实践评价
Chinese citizens
democratic perspective
structural dimensions
scale development
democratic practice evaluation
