摘要
东汉后期出现的正卫弹是由县府主导建立的官办自卫组织。从《昆阳都乡正卫弹碑》等碑刻资料可知,正卫弹内部主要设有承担戍卫职责的“正卫”和从事杂役的“更卒”两类职务。正卫弹的经费源于官府拨款及法定生息,其组织与运作过程体现了鲜明的官办官操性质,并蕴含中国古代特有的官民雇佣关系。正卫弹与民间自发的里单组织存在根本差异,并非由后者自然演变而来。它的产生具有临时性和偶然性,是东汉末年地方官府应对社会动荡、调节赋役和维护统治的应急措施。
Zhengwei Dan,which emerged in the late Eastern Han Dynasty,was an official-run self-defense organization established under the leadership of county governments.According to epigraphic materials such as The Stele of Zhengwei Dan in Duxiang of Kunyang,there were mainly two types of positions in Zhengwei Dan:“Zhengwei”(regular guards)responsible for garrison duties and“Gengzu”(rotating laborers)engaged in miscellaneous services.The funds of Zhengwei Dan came from government allocations and legal interest income.Its organization and operation reflected a distinct nature of being run and managed by the government,and contained the unique official-civilian employment relationship in ancient China.Zhengwei Dan was fundamentally different from the spontaneously organized Lidan(village-based groups)among the people and did not evolve naturally from the latter.Its emergence was temporary and accidental,serving as an emergency measure taken by local governments in the late Eastern Han Dynasty to cope with social unrest,adjust taxes and labor services,and maintain their rule.
作者
邸梦婷
DI Meng-ting(School of History,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241000,China)
出处
《河北北方学院学报(社会科学版)》
2025年第2期39-43,共5页
Journal of Hebei North University(Social Science Edition)
关键词
东汉
正卫弹
里单
乡里组织
the Eastern Han Dynasty
Zhengwei Dan
Lidan
township and village organizations
