摘要
敏捷、深刻、持续地从危机中学习,对增进应急管理的体系韧性、助推公共安全治理模式转型具有重要意义。但突发事件“学习”领域知识体系的碎片化引致严重的“发展阵痛”。本文从理论源流上梳理了“从错误/失败/罕见事件中学习”“从(未遂)事件/事故中学习”“从危机/灾难中学习”三组危机学习概念范式的本质特征及其演进逻辑。利用文献计量方法考察了公共组织危机学习领域的研究状况,归纳出危机学习的“主体特征”“过程机制”“结果绩效”和“情境内容”四个核心维度,并基于“情境—过程”建构了公共组织危机学习的整合框架,力图对“谁来学习”“如何学习”“学到了什么”及“在什么条件下学习”等基础性问题进行理论统合。并立足科学知识的再生产逻辑,从概念知识建构、经验知识发掘、数智技术赋能及知识—证据—政策转化四个方面进行展望,以期推进公共组织危机学习的知识发展。
Agile,profound,and sustained learning from crises is essential for enhancing systemic resilience of emergency management and advancing the transformation of public security governance models.The successive emergencies in recent years have made"learning"the focus of crisis management research.but the fragmentation of the knowledge system in this field has also led to serious developmental bottlenecks.This study traces the theoretical origins of crisis learning by interrogating three paradigmatic conceptualizations:learning from mistakes,failures,and rare events;learning from(attempted)incidents and accidents;and learning from crises and disasters,elucidating their essential characteristics and evolutionary logic.The bibliometric method is used to map the intellectual landscape of crisis learning within public organizations,identifying four core analytical dimensions:actor characteristics,process mechanisms,outcome performance,and contextual content.It also constructs an integrated framework of public organizations crisis learning based on‘context-process',which realises the theoretical unification of such fundamental issues as‘who learns',‘how to learn',‘what is learnt',and‘under what conditions to learn'.Based on the logic of scientific knowledge reproduction,it also looks forward to the four aspects of conceptual knowledge construction,empirical knowledge discovery,digital technology empowerment and knowledge-evidence-policy transformation,with a view to advancing the knowledge development of crisis learning in public organizations.
作者
沙勇忠
傅全宝
牛春华
Sha Yongzhong;Fu Quanbao;Niu Chunhua(School of Management,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000)
出处
《中国行政管理》
北大核心
2025年第6期112-123,共12页
Chinese Public Administration
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“重大突发公共卫生事件背景下的城市治理研究”(编号:21JZD037)
甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目“‘机会之窗’还是‘关不上的窗’:危机何以引致学习?”(编号:2022CXZX-029)。
关键词
公共组织
危机学习
理论源流
整合框架
public organizations
crisis learning
theoretical genealogies
integrative frameworks
