摘要
目的 了解福建省厦门市蚊虫的密度、种类构成、季节变化及病毒携带情况,为蚊虫和蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 采用诱蚊灯法,于2016—2023年在厦门市的湖里区和集美区开展成蚊密度监测;于2021—2023年5—7月在厦门市各区采集成蚊,用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法检测登革病毒、黄热病毒、辛德毕斯病毒、基孔肯雅病毒、乙脑病毒、西尼罗病毒。采用χ^(2)检验分析不同年份、生境的蚊种构成差异,采用Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验法分析不同年份、月份的蚊密度差异。结果 2016—2023年,共布放诱蚊灯3 262灯次,捕获雌蚊3 869只,平均蚊密度为1.2只/(灯·夜),优势蚊种为致倦库蚊;8年间蚊密度年际消长总体呈平稳趋势。蚊种在不同生境的构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=39.972,P<0.001),其中牲畜棚蚊密度最高。不同生境蚊密度均呈双峰曲线,3月开始快速上升,5月达最高峰,6—8月持续下降,10月出现一个小高峰后快速下降,2月为全年最低。病原学检测结果显示,致倦库蚊乙脑病毒的阳性率为0.6%,其余样本均为阴性。结论 厦门市优势蚊种为致倦库蚊,牲畜棚蚊密度较高,4—10月为蚊虫活动高峰期,在蚊中检出乙脑病毒,需采取环境治理为主、药物杀灭为辅的综合防控措施,防止蚊媒传染病的发生与流行。
Objective To understand the mosquito species composition,population density,seasonal fluctuation and virus carriying status in Xiamen,Fujian Province,and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases.Methods Monitoring sites were set up in two districts of Xiamen,Huli and Jimei,and adult mosquito density monitoring was carried out from 2016 to 2023 by using the mosquito trapping lamp method,and adult mosquitoes were collected in all districts of the city in May-July from 2021 to 2023 and fluorescence quantitative PCR was applied to detect the dengue virus,yellow fever virus,Sindbisvirus,chikungunya virus,Japanese encephalitis virus,and West Nile virus.Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of species composition in different years and different habitats.Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to compare the difference of density in different years and different months.Results From 2016 to 2023,a total of 3262 mosquito trapping lamps were deployed and 3869 female mosquitoes were captured,with an average mosquito density of 1.2 mosquitoes/(lamp·night),and the dominant mosquito species was Cx.pipien s quinquefasciatus.The general inter-annual fluctuation of mosquito density during the 8-year period showed a smooth trend.There were statistical differences in the species composition between different habitats(χ^(2)=39.972,P<0.001),with the highest density of mosquitoes in livestock sheds.Mosquito densities in different habitats showed a bimodal curve,with a rapid increase starting in March,peaking in May,a continuous decline from June to August,a small peak in October followed by a rapid decline in mosquito densities,and February being the lowest point of the year.The results of the pathogenetic tests showed a positive rate of 0.6%for the Japanese encephalitis virus of Cx.pipiens quinquefasciatus,while the rest of the samples were negative.Conclusion The dominant mosquito species in Xiamen is Cx.pipiens quinquefasciatus,and mosquito density in livestock sheds is higher.April to October is the peak period for mosquito activity,and Japanese encephalitis virus has been detected in the mosquitoes.Comprehensive control measures focusing on environmental management and supplemented by insecticide application are needed to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases.
作者
伍思翰
柯雪梅
郭志南
马姗姗
蔡春香
徐雪荣
王小燕
WU Sihan;KE Xuemei;GUO Zhinan;MA Shanshan;CAI Chunxiang;XU Xuerong;WANG Xiaoyan(Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xiamen,Fujian 361021,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
2025年第4期417-421,共5页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
厦门市医疗卫生指导性项目(3502Z20244ZD1369)。
关键词
蚊密度
种群构成
季节消长
监测
病毒携带
mosquito density
species composition
seasonal fluctuation
surveillance
virus carrying
