摘要
文章探讨了城市人才环境与企业全要素生产率之间的关系及其作用机制,构建了城市人才环境指数并利用2011—2021年沪深两市A股上市企业的数据进行实证分析。结果显示,城市人才环境促进了企业全要素生产率的提高,并存在地区、行业和企业异质性。市场化程度较高和未受到产业政策鼓励的地区受到的正向影响更加明显,行业竞争程度较低和高新技术行业相较而言获益更多,且竞争能力、创新能力和吸收能力较强的企业比能力较弱的企业更能从优良的人才环境中受益。此外,创新创业活跃度的中介效应揭示了促进企业全要素生产率的关键路径,而产业集聚状况对人才环境与企业生产率关系的调节作用则更加复杂,其中生产性服务业集聚呈现负向调节效果,而制造业集聚和跨行业协同集聚具有正向调节作用。企业数字化转型可以增强城市人才环境对企业全要素生产率的正面影响。因此,提升企业全要素生产率,应全面优化城市人才生态系统,引导和培育城市高质量的产业集聚,构建完善的数字生态系统。
This paper discusses the relationship between urban talent environment and total factor productivity of enterprises and its action mechanism,constructs urban talent environment indexes,and uses the data of A-share listed enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2011 to 2021 for empirical analysis.As shown by the results,the urban talent environment promotes the improvement of total factor productivity of enterprises,and there is region,industry,and enterprise heterogeneity.Regions with a higher degree of marketization and not encouraged by industrial policies are more significantly positively influenced.Compared with high-tech industries,those with lower levels of industry competition benefi t more,and enterprises with stronger competitiveness,innovation ability,and absorption ability are more likely to benefit from a favorable talent environment than those with weaker abilities.In addition,the mediating effect of innovation and entrepreneurship activity reveals the key path to promoting total factor productivity of enterprises,while the moderating effect of industrial agglomeration on the relationship between talent environment and enterprise productivity is more complex.Among them,the agglomeration of productive service industry presents a negative moderating eff ect,while the agglomeration of manufacturing industry and cross-industry collaborative agglomeration have a positive moderating effect.The digital transformation of enterprises can enhance the positive influence of urban talent environment on the total factor productivity of enterprises.Therefore,to improve the total factor productivity of enterprises,we should comprehensively optimize the urban talent ecosystem,guide and cultivate high-quality industrial agglomeration in cities,and build a sound digital ecosystem.
作者
王亚飞
张璐瑶
陈晔
Wang Yafei;Zhang Luyao;Chen Ye
出处
《中国人事科学》
2025年第8期30-45,共16页
Chinese Personnel Science
基金
教育部人文社科青年项目“基于宏观政策取向一致性的制造业新质生产力提升路径研究”(项目编号:24YJC790245)的研究成果。
关键词
人才环境
全要素生产率
创新创业活跃度
产业集聚
数字化转型
Talent environment
Total factor productivity
Innovation and entrepreneurship activity
Industrial agglomeration
Digital transformation
