摘要
【目的】评估现有海面粗糙度模型在广东省近海风电场所在海域的适用性,可为提升风功率预测精度提供模型优化依据。【方法】本文基于湛江、阳江、珠海、惠州、汕尾和汕头6个海域9座测风塔的长期风-浪同步观测数据(2012—2020年),利用COARE算法对YT96、SCOR01、COARE3.6等9种海面粗糙度方案进行验证,对比模拟值的平均误差与均方根误差,并分析各方案对水深和高风速的敏感性。【结果】研究结果显示,海面粗糙度的最佳方案为形如SP07和COARE3.6的包含波高和波龄幂次律方案,可以体现不同海况对海-气相互作用的影响;而Charnock关系式和包含波高和波龄幂次律的海面粗糙度方案对水深变化不敏感,且能够改善高风速海况下摩擦速度模拟值的低估现象;各方案所形成的摩擦速度平均误差在0.067~0.081 m/s之间,均方根误差在0.083~0.110 m/s之间;相比而言,YT96方案、TY01方案、D03方案和SJ06方案的平均误差和均方根误差更低,GW06方案、SP07方案和COARE3.6方案的两项误差统计值接近全体方案的平均水平。【结论】对于广东近海风电场址所在海域而言,包含波高和波龄幂次律的海面粗糙度模型具有适用性,基于观测资料的模型参数拟合优化是改善模拟效果的重要途径。
[Objective]To assess the applicability of existing sea surface roughness models in the coastal waters of Guangdong Province where offshore wind farms are located,providing a basis for model optimization to improve wind power prediction accuracy.[Methods]Based on long-term wind-wave synchronous observation data(2012–2020)from nine wind measurement towers in 6 coastal areas(Zhanjiang,Yangjiang,Zhuhai,Huizhou,Shanwei,and Shantou),the COARE algorithm was used to validate nine sea surface roughness models,including YT96,SCOR01,and COARE3.6 models using the COARE algorithm.The average error and root mean square error of the simulated values were compared,and the sensitivity of the models to water depth and high wind speeds was analysed.[Results]The results show that the optimal representation of sea surface roughness is a model incorporating wave height and wave age power-law terms,such as the SP07 scheme and COARE3.6 scheme.Sea surface roughness models incorporating wave parameters(wave steepness,wave age)can reflect the impact of different sea conditions on sea-air interaction.The Charnock relationship and sea surface roughness models incorporating wave height and wave age power-law terms are insensitive to changes in water depth and can improve the underestimation of friction velocity simulation values under high wind speed conditions.The average errors of friction velocity formed by each scheme range from 0.067 to 0.081 m/s,and the root mean square errors range from 0.083 to 0.110 m/s;Compared with others,the YT96,TY01,D03,and SJ06 schemes have lower average and root mean square errors,while the GW06,SP07,and COARE3.6 schemes have error statistics close to the average of all schemes.[Conclusion]For the offshore wind farm sites in Guangdong Province,a sea surface roughness model incorporating wave height and wave age power-law relationships is applicable.Model parameter fitting and optimisation based on observational data is an important approach to improving simulation accuracy.
作者
蔡彦枫
CAI Yanfeng(China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong China;Guangdong Kenuo Surveying Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong China)
出处
《电力科技与环保》
2025年第4期668-675,共8页
Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection
关键词
海面粗糙度
摩擦速度
风-浪联合观测
海上风电场
sea surface roughness
friction velocity
wind-wave synchronous observations
offshore wind farm
