摘要
为探究马尾松-皂角混交林下仿野生栽培的3种不同竹荪的常规营养成分和氨基酸含量差异,通过氨基酸比值系数法结合FAO/WHO中的氨基酸评分对红托竹荪Phallus rubrovolvatus、长裙竹荪P.indusiatus和棘托竹荪P.echinovolvata进行氨基酸含量测定分析。结果表明,3种竹荪均含有蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉、灰分、维生素B6、维生素B2等常规营养成分,符合食用菌高蛋白、低脂肪的特点;在3种竹荪中均检测到7种矿质元素,含5种人体必需微量元素,Ca和Fe含量(w,后同)最高,均超过65 mg·kg^(-1);氨基酸组分测定中共检测到16种氨基酸,红托竹荪和长裙竹荪中共检测到15种,棘托竹荪中14种,均未检测到蛋氨酸;根据FAO/WHO推荐模式比较,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量由高到低分别为长裙竹荪35.14%>红托竹荪26.04%>棘托竹荪24.18%,长裙竹荪的氨基酸含量最接近FAO/WHO模式氨基酸理想模式的要求;氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)均表现为棘托竹荪>红托竹荪>长裙竹荪;棘托竹荪的氨基酸比值系数分(SRCAA)为54.86,高于长裙竹荪(39.76)和红托竹荪(14.90)。说明不同竹荪品种在营养特性上存在一定差异,同时也为品种选育和生产推广提供了一定的理论依据。
In order to explore the difference of routine nutritional composition and amino acid content of three kinds of Phallus,the amino acid content of three kinds of P.rubrovolvata,P.indusiata and P.echinovolvata were determined by amino acid ratio coefficient method combined with amino acid score in FAO/WHO.The results showed that the three kinds of Phallus contained protein,fat,starch,ash,vitamin B6,B2 and other conventional nutrients.It accords with the characteristics of high protein and low fat of edible fungi.Seven kinds of mineral elements were detected in all three kinds of Phallus,including 5 kinds of essential trace elements for human body,and the contents of Ca and Fe were the highest.16 kinds of amino acids were detected by amino acid composition determination of more than 65 mg·kg^(-1);15 species of P.rubrovolvata and P.indusiata were detected,and 14 species of P.echinovolvata were detected,all of which were methionine.According to the comparison of the contents of essential amino acids in protein and egg protein recommended by FAO/WHO,the proportion of essential amino acids in total amino acids was 35.14%,26.04%and 24.18%,respectively,in P.indusiata,P.rubrovolvata and P.echinovolvata.The amino acid content of P.echinovolvata was the most close to the requirement of ideal amino acid model of FAO/WHO model.AAS and CS showed that P.echinovolvata was higher than that of P.indusiata and P.rubrovolvata.The SRCAA of P.echinovolvata was 54.86,which was higher than that of P.indusiata(39.76)and P.rubrovolvata(14.90).The results showed that there were some differences in nutritional characteristics among different Phallus varieties,which also provided a theoretical basis for variety breeding and production promotion.
作者
查兴雪
徐彦军
赵霞
宋鎏
王烜
桂阳
ZHA Xingxue;XU Yanjun;ZHAO Xia;SONG Liu;WANG Xuan;GUI Yang(Institute of Edible Fungi,Guizhou University/Guizhou Province Edible Mushroom Industry System,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Provincial Institute of Crop Variety Resources,Guiyang 550001,Guizhou,China)
出处
《中国瓜菜》
北大核心
2025年第8期131-135,共5页
China Cucurbits And Vegetables
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2200903)
黔科合支撑[2022]一般123。
关键词
竹荪
氨基酸
品种
营养元素
Phallus
Amino acid
Variety
Nutrient element
