摘要
为探究不同栽培模式对花生生长发育和产量的影响,明确其最佳栽培模式,以花生‘宛花3号’为试验材料,设置起垄覆膜(T1)、起垄覆膜揭膜(T2)、起垄不覆膜(T3)、平作覆膜(T4)、平作覆膜揭膜(T5)和平作不覆膜(T6)6种栽培模式,测定各模式下的花生出苗率、生育期、主茎高等农艺性状和单株虫果数等产量性状。结果表明,6种栽培模式的花生出苗率均在85%以上,以T1处理的花生出苗、开花、收获最早,生育期最短,出苗率较高;T5处理的花生主茎高、侧枝长较高,主茎复叶数、主茎节数较多;T1处理的单株饱果数、单株结果数较多,饱果率、出仁率、百仁重、百果重较高,T4、T5处理的花生产量较高,分别为6266.22、6052.02 kg/hm^(2)。综上,采用起垄覆膜的栽培方式能够保证花生出苗率,缩短生育期,增加单株饱果数、单株结果数,提高饱果率、百果重和百仁重;采用平作覆膜揭膜模式有利于提高主茎高、侧枝长、主茎复叶数和主茎节数。
To explore the effects of different cultivation modes on the growth,development and yield of peanuts,and to clarify the optimal cultivation mode of peanuts,peanut‘Wanhua No.3’was used as the experimental material.6 cultivation modes,namely ridging with film covering(T1),ridging with film covering and removing film(T2),ridging without film covering(T3),parallel cropping with film covering(T4),parallel cropping with film covering and removing film(T5),and parallel cropping without film covering(T6)were set up.The agronomic traits such as the emergence rate,growth period,main stem traits height,and yield traits of peanuts such as the number of insects and fruits per plant under each mode were measured.The results showed that the emergence rates of peanuts in the six cultivation modes were all above 85%.Peanuts treated with T1 had the earliest emergence,flowering and harvest,the shortest growth period and a higher emergence rate.The peanuts treated with T5 had higher main stem height and lateral branch length,and more compound leaves and nodes on the main stem.The T1 treatment resulted in a higher number of full fruits and fruits per plant,as well as a higher full fruit rate,kernel yield,weight per 100 kernels,and weight per 100 fruits.The peanut yields of T4 and T5 treatments were higher,which were 6266.22 and 6052.02 kg/hm^(2)respectively.In conclusion,the cultivation method of ridging with film covering can ensure the emergence rate of peanuts,shorten the growth period,increase the number of full fruits and fruits per plant,and improve the full fruit rate,the weight per 100 fruits and the weight per 100 grains.The adoption of parallel cropping with film covering and removing film mode is conducive to increasing the height of the main stem,the length of lateral branches,the number of compound leaves on the main stem and the number of nodes on the main stem.
作者
崔燕华
唐勇
丁万红
杜尧
贾豫龙
陶建飞
程平山
CUI Yanhua;TANG Yong;DING Wanhong;DU Yao;JIA Yulong;TAO Jianfei;CHENG Pingshan(Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830012,China)
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2025年第15期13-16,共4页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区人才发展基金重点人才计划项目“新疆油料产业技术体系”(XJARS-05)。
关键词
栽培模式
花生
出苗率
农艺性状
产量性状
cultivation mode
peanut
emergence rate
agronomic traits
yield traits
