摘要
为明确外源激素对土壤酸化胁迫下花生生长发育的调控机制,采用盆栽试验,研究了外源施用生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA_(3))、生长素抑制剂(TIBA)和赤霉素抑制剂(PAC)对酸化土壤花生植株激素含量、形态特征、养分吸收及产量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,施用IAA提高了关键生育时期花生叶片和荚果中IAA含量,改善了荚果氮素营养,提高了收获指数、百果重和出米率,增产显著。施用GA_(3)导致花生主茎和侧枝冗余生长,抑制了磷、钾和钙在荚果中的积累,显著降低了单株有效果数和收获指数,导致减产。施用TIBA和PAC均不利于花生植株和根系生长,抑制了养分吸收,显著减产,其中PAC的负面效应更大,花生几乎无法正常生长。综上,外源施用IAA是缓解花生土壤酸化胁迫的有效措施,而GA_(3)、TIBA和PAC不利于酸化土壤花生生长发育。
To clarify the regulatory mechanism of exogenous hormones on peanut growth and development under soil acidified stress,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous application of auxin(IAA),gibberellins(GA_(3)),auxin inhibitor(TIBA)and gibberellin inhibitor(PAC)on the hormone content,morphological characteristics,nutrient absorption of peanut plants and yield in acidified soil.The results showed that,compared with the control,the application of IAA increased the IAA contents in leaves and pods during the critical growth period,improved pod nitrogen nutrition,increased harvest index,100-pod weight and shelled kernel rate,which resulted in a higher yield.The application of GA_(3) led to the redundant growth of main stems and lateral branches,the reduction of phosphorus,potassium and calcium accumulation in pods and the decrease of effective pods per plant and harvest index and further reduced yield.The applications of TIBA and PAC were not conducive to the growth of peanut plants and roots,inhibited nutrient absorption,and significantly reduced yield.The negative effects of PAC were even greater,and peanuts could hardly grow normally.To sum up,application of exogenous IAA was an effective measure to alleviate the soil acidified stress for peanut,while GA_(3),TIBA and PAC were not conducive to the growth and development of peanuts on acidified soil.
作者
吕荣臻
买合木提·肉孜
张勇
买合木提·热木图拉
牙尔买买提·阿力木
张建成
于天一
LüRongzhen;Maihemuti∙Rouzi;Zhang Yong;Maihemuti∙Remutula;Yaermaimaiti∙Alimu;Zhang Jiancheng;Yu Tianyi(Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Laiyang,Yantai 265200,Shandong,China;Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Kashgar,Kashgar 844000,Xinjiang,China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2025年第3期218-224,共7页
Crops
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“新疆花生绿色丰产增效及农机农艺融合技术研发”(2022A02008-4)。
关键词
酸化土壤
外源激素
激素抑制剂
花生
形态指标
内源激素
Acidified soil
Exogenous hormone
Hormone inhibitor
Peanut
Morphological index
Endogenous hormone
