摘要
为了改善304不锈钢的高温耐磨性能,延长其使用寿命,采用激光熔覆技术在304不锈钢表面制备了高温抗磨NiCrAlY/Co涂层。分析了涂层形貌、物相组成及显微硬度;研究了304不锈钢和NiCrAlY/Co涂层在不同温度(室温~800℃)的摩擦学性能,并分析了磨损机制。结果表明,涂层形貌良好,与304不锈钢基底冶金结合;涂层由γ-Co、(Cr,Ni)和AlNi3相组成;涂层平均显微硬度(303 HV)约为基底硬度(194 HV)的1.6倍;相比基底,涂层在200~600℃摩擦因数更小,800℃时摩擦因数接近,并且涂层在600℃时摩擦因数最低(0.5);涂层在室温-800℃下的磨损率均低于基底,且在400℃时磨损率最低[1.91×10^(-5)mm^(3)/(N·m)],约为基底磨损率的1/3,表明NiCrAlY/Co涂层使304不锈钢的高温耐磨性能得到了改善。在中低温下,基底磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,NiCrAlY/Co涂层磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损和逐渐轻微的黏着磨损;在800℃下,基底的磨损机制为塑性变形和氧化磨损,涂层的磨损机制为氧化磨损。
In order to improve the high temperature wear resistance and extend its service life of 304 stainless steel,the high temperature wear-resistant NiCrAlY/Co coating was prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel by the laser cladding.The morphology,phase composition and microhardness of the coating were analyzed.The tribological properties of 304 stainless steel and NiCrAlY/Co coating at different temperatures(the room temperature to 800℃)were studied,and the wear mechanism was analyzed.The results show that the coating is metallurgically bonded to the 304 stainless steel substrate;the coating is mainly composed ofγ-Co,(Cr,Ni)and AlNi_(3) phases;the average microhardness of the coating(303 HV)is about 1.6 times that of the substrate(194 HV);Compared with the substrate,the coating has a smaller friction coefficient at 200-600℃,the friction coefficient is comparable at 800℃,and the lowest friction coefficient of the coating is 0.5 at 600℃.The wear rate of the coating from the room temperature to 800℃is lower than that of the substrate,and the lowest wear rate is 1.91×10^(−5) mm^(3)/(N·m)at 400℃,which is about 1/3 of the substrate,indicating that the NiCrAlY/Co coating improves the high temperature wear resistance of 304 stainless steel.At medium and low temperatures,the wear mechanism of the substrate is mainly abrasive wear and adhesive wear,and the wear mechanism of the NiCrAlY/Co coating is mainly abrasive wear and gradually slight adhesive wear.At 800℃,the wear mechanism of the substrate is plastic deformation,and the wear mechanism of the coating is oxidation wear.
作者
杨荣乾
崔功军
尤世泉
冯小刚
刘宇嵩
YANG Rongqian;CUI Gongjun;YOU Shiquan;FENG Xiaogang;LIU Yusong(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Mine Fluid Control Engineering Laboratory,Taiyuan 030024,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Mine Fluid Control,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《机械强度》
北大核心
2025年第8期28-35,共8页
Journal of Mechanical Strength
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51775365,U1910212)
山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021211163)
山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2021-060)。
