摘要
脊髓损伤是一种严重的中枢神经系统损伤,治疗周期长、神经再生难、功能恢复慢,严重影响患者生活质量。受损神经因所处微环境恶劣、自身状态差难以有效恢复。现行的早期复位、椎板切开减压、静脉注射或脊髓灌注甲基强的松龙等方案均难以同时调控微环境与改善神经状态。锌在中枢神经系统中含量丰富,广泛参与基因表达调控、突触塑造和神经活动。临床证据显示,血清中锌浓度越低的脊髓损伤患者预后越差,动物实验结果也揭示锌具有显著的神经保护作用。然而,补锌疗法尚未形成成熟的临床方案,相关动物研究也缺乏系统认识。为此,笔者就锌的生物学特性和给药途径及其在脊髓损伤治疗中的神经保护作用及机制进行综述,为后续相关的基础研究和临床治疗提供参考。
Spinal cord injury represents a severe central nervous system trauma characterized by prolonged treatment duration,limited neural regeneration,and delayed functional recovery,greatly affecting patients′quality of life.The impaired neural tissue struggles to recover effectively due to both the hostile microenvironment and its own compromised state.Current clinical interventions,including early reduction,laminectomy decompression,and intravenous or intrathecal methylprednisolone administration,fail to simultaneously modulate the microenvironment and improve the neural status.Zinc,a trace element abundant in the central nervous system,plays a critical role in gene expression regulation,synaptic plasticity,and neuronal activity.Clinical evidences have indicated that lower serum zinc concentration in patients with spinal cord injury correlates with poorer outcomes and animal experiments have also demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of zinc.In fact,zinc supplementation therapy has not yet been developed into a mature clinical protocol.Besides,related animal studies still lack comprehensive understanding.To this end,the authors reviewed the biological characteristics of zinc,its administration routes,neuroprotective effects and mechanisms in the management of spinal cord injury,aiming to provide references for future basic research and clinical practice.
作者
宋咸锐
王恒
赵玉麟
周煜辰
陈晓庆
Song Xianrui;Wang Heng;Zhao Yulin;Zhou Yuchen;Chen Xiaoqing(Department of Spinal Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China)
出处
《中华创伤杂志》
北大核心
2025年第7期694-701,共8页
Chinese Journal of Trauma
基金
国家自然科学基金(82371383)
江苏省卫生健康委员会重点项目(K2023006)
江苏省研究型医院资助基金(YJXYY202204)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_2061)。
关键词
锌
脊髓损伤
神经保护
Zinc
Spinal cord injuries
Neuroprotection
