摘要
党的十八大以来,“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念深入人心,关于环境治理的实践与理论研究不断推陈出新。“弱波特假说”通常认为合理的环境规制可以促进企业创新。作为我国生态文明法治建设的里程碑,2015年起正式实施的《中华人民共和国环境保护法》(以下简称“新《环境保护法》”)回应了加强环境保护的时代关切,其政策冲击形成了良好的准自然实验。文章使用倾向得分匹配双重差分法,就新《环境保护法》实施是否实现了“弱波特效应”进行检验,并探讨了企业高管公共部门任职背景在其中的影响。研究结果显示:新《环境保护法》对企业创新的“弱波特效应”尚未完全显现,短期内部分企业的创新投入表现出战略性调整,其特征为研发投入的暂时性放缓,这种效应通过增加企业现金持有而非扩大生产性投资来实现,反映了企业在应对强环境规制时的策略,是企业在迈向高质量绿色转型过程中的短期适应性行为。此外,新《环境保护法》的实施效应并未因企业高管是否有公共部门任职背景而产生显著差异,侧面印证了我国营商环境与环境治理的规范与公平。文章从优化政策工具、完善治理体系、引导企业转型、聚焦绿色技术四个方面,为后续环境政策的制定与完善提出了建议。
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the development concept that“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”has propelled both theoretical strides and practical advances in environ-mental governance.Academically,the“weak Porter hypothesis”suggests that well-designed environmental regulations can spur corporate innovation.The 2015 revision of Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China—an important milestone in the country's ecological-civilization legislation—provides a compelling quasi-natural experiment to test this hypothesis.Using a propensity-score-matched difference-in-differences(PSM-DID)framework,this study evalu-ates whether the new law has triggered the weak Porter effect and examines how firms'executive background might mod-erate this impact.The research findings show that,to date,the anticipated innovation boost has not fully materialized.In the short term,many firms have slowed their R&D outlays,preferring instead to bolster cash reserves rather than expand productive investments—an adaptive,cautionary response to more stringent environmental rules and an early stage of transition toward high-quality green development.Furthermore,we observe that the law's impact on innovation investment does not vary with firms'executive background,suggesting that China's efforts to build a standardized and equitable busi-ness environment and environmental governance framework are yielding tangible results.By offering fresh empirical in-sights into the Porter's hypothesis,this study concludes with four targeted policy recommendations:optimize regulatory in-struments,strengthen governance systems,guide corporate green transformation,and prioritize investment in green techno-logies.
作者
朱锟
李想
Zhu Kun;Li Xiang(School of Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Economics&Technology Research Institute,CNPC,Beijing 100724,China)
出处
《西部经济管理论坛》
2025年第4期65-81,共17页
West Forum on Economy and Management
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“政治经济学视角下人工智能对劳动者就业的影响研究”(21CJL026)。
关键词
弱波特假说
环境保护法
环境规制
高管背景
weak Porter hypothesis
Environmental Protection Law
environmental regulation
executive's back-ground
