摘要
本文讨论自然口语对话中归类表达作为评价格式的现象,探讨它们在构建评价时的独特功能。具体聚焦于两类归类式评价。1)指量类:那种+AP/VP的(+那种);2)诠释类:NP/这+是/属于/叫+NP。结合会话序列和产出特征的分析发现,这两类归类式评价格式具有不同的交际动因和互动功能。指量类通过类化的方式扩大评价涵盖范围,从而消解评价项全面准确的追求与会话行进性之间的矛盾;诠释类则通过主观归类触发显性或潜在的对比,从而体现说话人对特定对象的立场亲疏。二者的互动功能均与它们的结构形式及其作用层面相适应,并具有联合使用、功能叠加的可能。文章进一步探讨了“归类”与“评价”的内在联系,指出归类表达作为实施评价的手段,具有跨语言层面的共性。
This paper investigates categorizing expressions used as assessment format,aiming to reveal the unique functions of such formats compared with the overwhelming ad-jective predicate format.Two types of categorizing assessment formats are identified,name-ly demonstrative-classifier type(hereafter DC)and interpretive type(hereafter IN).With a close analysis of the sequential context and production features,it was found that those two types differ in their motivations as well as interactional functions.While a DC widens the range of the assessment terms through categorization and thereby serves to resolve the ten-sion between the pursuit of precision of assessment terms and progressivity of the talk,an IN triggers explicit or implicit contrast through subjective categorizing so as to display the speaker's stance positioning towards the assessable.The functions correspond to their struc-tural features and status in grammatical levels,and thus enable them to be used in combina-tion.The paper also reflects on the intrinsic connection between"categorizing"and"assess-ing",underscoring the crosslinguistic universal tendency of using categorizing expressions in service of assessment.
出处
《语言教学与研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期78-90,共13页
Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“互动视角下的汉语指称形式选择研究”(编号24CYY025)的资助。
关键词
评价
归类表达
行进性
立场亲疏
assessment
categorizing expression
progressivity
stance positioning
