摘要
430不锈钢具有优异的耐腐蚀与冷加工性能,被广泛应用于家电、建筑、化工等行业。针对生产过程中其冷轧板表面出现白点缺陷而降低表面质量的问题,通过扫描电子显微镜对白点缺陷部位进行能谱分析及微观形貌表征,分析了白点缺陷的产生原因,并提出了改进措施。结果表明:430不锈钢冷轧板表面白点缺陷不存在非金属夹杂物和氧化铁皮,为表面凹坑沿轧向延伸形成的白点;抛丸酸洗后热轧板表面存在较深钢丸凹坑与酸洗腐蚀过度的沟槽导致表面粗糙度过大,因此酸洗工艺参数设置不合理是造成冷轧板表面形成沿轧向延伸的白点缺陷的主要原因。结合现场生产实际,通过降低热线抛丸转速至1 750 r/min、控制酸洗HF浓度范围为7~11 g/L,使得热轧酸洗板表面粗糙度由4.0μm降低至3.0μm,冷轧板表面白点缺陷比例由3%降低至0.3%以下,有效改善了430不锈钢冷轧板表面的白点缺陷,显著提升产品质量与用户满意度。
430 stainless steel exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and cold workability,making it widely applicable in household appliances,construction,chemical industries,etc.In response to the problem of white spot defects on the surface of cold rolled sheets during the production process,which reduce surface quality,energy spectrum analysis and microstructure characterization were conducted on the white spot defect sites using scanning electron microscopy.The causes of white spot defects were analyzed,and improvement measures were proposed.The results indicated that the white spot defects on 430 stainless steel cold rolled sheets were not associated with non-metallic inclusions or oxide scale,but rather manifested as surface pits elongated along the rolling direction.The primary cause was identified as excessive surface roughness of hot rolled plates after shot blasting and acid pickling processes,characterized by deep shot indentations and over-etched grooves,resulting from improper acid pickling parameter settings.Based on the practical production,by reducing hot line shot blasting rotation speed to 1750 r/min and controlling HF concentration within 7-11 g/L,the surface roughness of hot rolled pickled plates decreased from 4.0μm to 3.0μm.Consequently,the occurrence rate of white spot defects on cold rolled sheets dropped from 3%to below 0.3%,effectively improved the white spot defects on the surface of 430 stainless steel cold rolled sheet,significantly enhancing product quality and customer satisfaction.
作者
高登
赵翔
GAO Deng;ZHAO Xiang(Cold Rdling Plant,Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030002,China;Institute for Carbon Neutrality,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《轧钢》
北大核心
2025年第3期133-137,共5页
Steel Rolling
关键词
430不锈钢
白点缺陷
表面粗糙度
冷轧板
热轧板
酸洗
抛丸
430 stainless steel
white spot defect
surface roughness
cold rolled sheet
hot rolled plate
pickling
shot blasting
