摘要
蜀贵美是由红妃×南早红杂交选育出的优良早熟中国樱桃新品种。果实椭圆形,果皮橙红色,有光泽,果肉乳黄色,肉质柔软多汁,风味甜酸;单果质量4.5~5.6 g,果形指数0.93。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)14.5%~16.9%,葡萄糖含量392.48 g·kg^(-1),果糖含量301.67 g·kg^(-1);可滴定酸含量0.42%,固酸比37.33,鲜食品质佳。果实生育期48~52 d,在四川成都地区4月上中旬成熟;伞形花序3~6朵簇生,萌芽率高,成枝力强,成花易,树势健壮。适应性和抗病性强。适宜在四川省樱桃主栽区及相似气候区域栽植,高接后第2年开花结果,4~5 a(年)进入盛产期,盛产期平均产量8400~8700 kg·hm^(-2)。
Shuguimei is a new early-ripening Chinese cherry[Cerasus pseudocerasus(Lindl.)G.Don]cultivar bred by Sichuan Agricultural University.The cultivar was derived from a cross between Hong-fei and Nanzaohong in 2016.Through artificial cross pollination,approximately 200 hybrid seedlings flowered in 2019.The hybrid seedling HN880 was initially selected as an excellent individual in 2020 for its superior performance and high quality.The field trials were conducted at three sites in Sichuan Province(including Chengdu city,Suining city and Xichang city)from 2020 to 2023.It was approved as a new Chinese cherry cultivar by the Sichuan Provincial Non-major Crop Cultivar Certification Com-mittee in January 2025,and named as Shuguimei.The young trees exhibit vigorous growth with a semi-open posture.The branchlets are grayish-brown,and the mature leaves are green and oblong-ovate with a long tail tip and a round base.The inflorescence typically consists of corymbs with 3-6 flowers.The flower buds are reddish,and the petals are white with a pink margin.Each flower has five round petals,one pistil,and 35-45 stamens with orange-yellow anthers.The fruit is primarily elliptical,with orange-red peel.Its flesh is light yellow,juicy,and rich in flavor.Fruit mass ranges from 4.5 to 5.6 g.The aver-age longitudinal diameter is 1.95 cm,the transverse diameter 2.11 cm,with a fruit shape index around 0.93.The average pit mass is 0.29 g.The fruit stalk is medium in length,averaging 2.33 cm.The total soluble solid(TSS)content ranges from 14.5%to 16.9%,and the titratable acid(TA)content is about 0.42%,giving a TSS/TA ratio of about 37.33.Glucose and fructose are the main components of soluble sugars,with contents of 392.48 and 301.67 g·kg^(-1),respectively.Malic acid is the predominant organic acid,at 84.59 g·kg^(-1).The overall eating quality is excellent.In Chengdu,Sichuan Province,the fruit de-velopment period lasts about 48-52 days,maturing in early to mid-April,which is 5-7 days earlier than its male parent,Hongfei.The vegetative growth period is about 310 days.Shuguimei bears fruit earlier and has good yield potential,with a small yield in the second year after planting and substantial fruiting in the fourth to fifth year.The average yield can reach 8400-8700 kg·hm^(-2).Young trees bear more fruit on middle and long branches,while adult trees predominantly bear fruit on boundary branches,short branches,and medium to long branches.The cultivar shows strong growth potential,adaptability,and resistance to diseases.It is suitable for planting in areas with ecological conditions similar to those found in the plains and hills of Sichuan Province.Shuguimei is best suited for planting in sandy loam with good drainage and deep soil layers.Spacing recommended is(2.5-3)m×(3.5-4)m.It is suitable to adopt open-center or central leader system.
作者
王燕
王浩
张静
马艳
刘针杉
何文
吴志伟
伏晓科
陈清
王小蓉
WANG Yan;WANG Hao;ZHANG Jing;MAYan;LIU Zhenshan;HE Wen;WU Zhiwei;FU Xia-oke;CHEN Qing;WANG Xiaorong(College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinfor-matics(Ministry of Education),Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Meishan Vocational&Technical College,Meishan 620010,Sichuan,China)
出处
《果树学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1642-1646,共5页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系四川水果创新团队项目(SCCXTD-2024-4)
四川省自然科学基金重点项目(2025ZNSFSC0014)
四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2024YFHZ0302)
樱桃资源四川省科技资源共享服务平台项目。
关键词
中国樱桃
新品种
蜀贵美
早熟
杂交育种
Chinese cherry[Cerasus pseudocerasus(Lindl.)G.Don]
New cultivar
Shuguimei
Early-ripening
Cross breeding
