摘要
在外部环境高度不确定和我国企业普遍依赖少数大客户的现实状况下,构建多元化的客户网络是打造灵活可控、高韧性产业链供应链的重要途径。本文将人工智能创新应用先导区建设视为人工智能与实体经济深度融合的准自然实验,基于多时点双重差分倾向得分匹配法检验了人工智能应用对企业客户配置多元化的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,人工智能应用能有效推动企业客户配置多元化。机制检验证实,增强企业内在产品质量优势和削弱交易双方外部信息约束是人工智能应用推动企业客户配置多元化的关键所在。异质性检验表明,人工智能的客户优化效应在行业竞争激烈、中小规模、生产效率低的企业以及信息割裂程度高的地区更为凸显。进一步讨论发现,人工智能客户优化效应的主要表现方式在于开拓新客户或向原有中小客户增加销售额,而非中断或缩减对大客户的销售。此外,得益于人工智能应用的客户优化效应,企业的经营风险也随之下降。本文的结论深化了对人工智能应用与微观主体客户配置之间逻辑关系的理论认知,并为推动人工智能与实体经济深度融合、增强企业客户协调能力以及提升产业链供应链安全与韧性提供了重要的经验借鉴和政策参考。
In the reality of the highly uncertain external environment and the widespread dependence of Chinese enterprises on a few large customers,building a diversified customer network is an important way to create a flexible,controllable,and highly resilient industrial and supply chains.This paper regards the construction of AI Innovation Application Pilot Zone as a quasi-natural experiment of deep integration between AI and the real economy.Based on the multi-time point PSM-DID,it examines the impact and mechanism of AI applications on the diversification of enterprise customer configuration.The results show that AI applications effectively promote the diversification of enterprise customer configuration.Mechanism testing reveals that enhancing the internal product quality advantage of enterprises and weakening the external information constraints of both parties in transactions are the key factors for Al applications to promote the diversification of enterprise customer configuration.Heterogeneity analysis shows that this optimization effect is more prominent in enterprises in industries with fierce competition,small-and medium-sized enterprises,and enterprises with lower production efficiency,as well as regions with a higher level of information fragmentation.It is also found that the main manifestation of the optimization effect is to explore new customers or increase sales to existing small-and medium-sized customers.This paper deepens the theoretical understanding of the logical relationship between AI applications and micro subject customer configuration,providing important experience and policy references for promoting the deep integration of AI and the real economy,enhancing the coordination ability of enterprise customers,and improving the security and resilience of industrial and supply chains.
作者
钟娟
丁怡帆
林子昂
魏彦杰
Zhong Juan;Ding Yifan;Lin Ziang;Wei Yanjie(School of International Economics and Trade,Anhui University of Finance and Economics,Bengbu 233030,China;School of Finance and Statistics,Hunan University,Changsha 410006,China;School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《外国经济与管理》
北大核心
2025年第6期18-35,共18页
Foreign Economics & Management
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BJL046)。
关键词
人工智能技术
客户配置多元化
人工智能创新应用先导区
供应链韧性
AI technology
diversification of customer configuration
AI Innovation Application Pilot Zone
supplychain resilience
