摘要
清热解毒类中药在临床上最为常用,具有清解火热毒邪的作用。研究表明,大部分冬青属Ilex植物具有清热解毒功效,其中以枸骨、毛冬青、铁冬青、大叶冬青和冬青等品种应用最为广泛。这些植物普遍含有三萜及其苷类、生物碱类、黄酮类、苯丙素类等化学成分,特别是五环三萜类成分众多,按其骨架可分为齐墩果烷型、乌苏烷型、羽扇豆烷型等,其中乌苏烷型成分含量最多,迄今研究发现有136种。这些成分已被证实具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、降血脂、抗血栓、保护心肌细胞、抗菌、保肝等药理作用。因此,该文系统梳理冬青属植物国内外文献,重点综述其五环三萜类成分及药理活性研究进展,旨在为开发具有清热解毒功效的中药资源提供参考。
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)capable of clearing heat and removing toxin is most commonly used in clinical practice and has the effect of removing fire-heat and toxin.Studies have shown that most of the llex plants have the effect of clearing heat and removing toxin,among which the varieties of I.cornuta,I.pubescens,I.rotunda,I.latifolia,and I.chinensis are most widely used.These plants generally contain triterpenoids and their glycosides,alkaloids,flavonoids,phenylpropanoids,and other chemical components,especially pentacyclic triterpenoids.According to their skeletons,pentacyclic triterpenoids can be divided into the oleanane type,the ursane type,the lupinane type,etc.Among them,ursane-type components are the most abundant,and 136 species have been found so far.These components have been proved to have pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory,antitumor,hypolipidemic,anti-thrombosis,cardiomyocyte-protective,antibacterial,and hepatoprotective effects.Therefore,this paper systematically reviews the domestic and foreign literature on llex plants with a focus on the research progress on pentacyclic triterpenoids and their pharmacological activities,aiming to provide reference for the development of TCM resources with the effect of clearing heat and removing toxin.
作者
刘雨玲
吴依然
王宝林
粟晓微
陈秋娟
饶毅
杨世林
霍丽妮
高红伟
LIU Yu-ling;WU Yi-ran;WANG Bao-lin;SU Xiao-wei;CHEN Qiu-juan;RAO Yi;YANG Shi-lin;HUO Li-ni;GAO Hong-wei(College of Pharmacy,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,China;School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
北大核心
2025年第12期3252-3266,共15页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82260799)
广西“带土移植”人才引育计划项目(2022AC18022)
广西中医药大学“岐黄工程”高层次人才团队培育项目(202405)
广西中医药大学“桂派中医药传承创新团队”项目(2022B005)。
关键词
冬青属
清热解毒
五环三萜
抗炎
抗肿瘤
降血脂
抗血栓
Ilex
clearing heat and removing toxin
pentacyclic triterpenoids
anti-inflammatory
anti-tumor
hypolipidemic
antithrombosis
