摘要
为了解析东弗里生乳用羊、湖羊及东湖杂交羊F1代在生产性能和泌乳性能方面的差异,试验对东弗里生乳用羊、湖羊和东湖杂交F1代各月龄体重(初生重、3月龄体重和6月龄体重),6月龄尾部形态,第50~60泌乳日的乳房形态和乳腺组织形态,乳成分、乳中氨基酸和脂肪酸的含量进行测定。结果表明:与湖羊公羊相比,东弗里生乳用羊公羊和东湖杂交公羊3月龄体重显著增加(P<0.05),6月龄体重极显著增加(P<0.01)。与湖羊母羊相比,东弗里生乳用羊母羊和东湖杂交母羊6月龄体重均极显著增加(P<0.01)。6月龄东弗里生乳用羊尾长最长,东湖杂交羊居中,湖羊尾长最短。湖羊尾宽最宽,东湖杂交羊居中,东弗里生乳用羊最窄。湖羊尾根周长最长,东湖杂交羊居中,东弗里生乳用羊最短。处于第50~60泌乳日的东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊的乳房深度、乳房宽度、乳围、乳头长度和乳头间距均极显著高于湖羊(P<0.01),东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊的乳腺组织腺泡更大更密。湖羊乳的乳脂率极显著高于东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊(P<0.01)。3个品种的乳蛋白率、乳糖率、体细胞数、尿素氮质量浓度差异不显著(P>0.05)。湖羊乳中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、蛋氨酸含量显著高于东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊(P<0.05),苏氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸等14种氨基酸含量极显著高于东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊(P<0.01)。东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊乳中含量排前三位的脂肪酸分别为丁酸、十六碳酸、顺-9-十八碳一烯酸,湖羊乳中这3种脂肪酸含量均极显著高于东弗里生乳用羊和东湖杂交羊(P<0.01)。说明与湖羊相比,东湖杂交羊在生长速度、尾形态、乳房形态方面均有显著提升,并且东湖杂交羊的乳成分、乳中氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成与父本东弗里生乳用羊更为接近,杂交改良效果显著。
In order to analyze the differences in production performance and lactation performance among East Friesen milk sheep,Hu sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid F1 generation,in the experiment,the body weight at birth,3 months and 6 months,the tail shape at 6 months,the morphology of mammary glands on the 50-60 lactation days,milk composition,and the contents of amino acids and fatty acids in milk samples were investigated in East Friesen milk sheep,Hu sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid.The results showed that compared with male Hu sheep,the body weight of male East Friesen milk sheep and male East Friesin-Hu hybrid at 3 months was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the body weight at 6 months was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with female Hu sheep,the body weights of female East Friesen milk sheep and female East Friesin-Hu hybrid at 6 months were significantly increased(P<0.01).The tail shapes at 6 months showed that the tail length of East Friesen milk sheep was the longest;that of the East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep was in the middle and that of the Hu sheep was the shortest.The tail width of Hu sheep was the largest;that of the East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep was in the middle,and East Friesen milk sheep was the smallest.The tail root circumference of Hu sheep was the longest;that of East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep was in the middle,and that of East Friesen milk sheep was the shortest.The breast depth,breast width,breast circumference,nipple length and nipple spacing of East Friesin milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep on the 50-60 lactation days were extremely significantly higher than those of Hu sheep(P<0.01),the mammary tissue acinus of East Friesin milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep were larger and denser.The milk fat ratio of Hu sheep was significantly higher than that of East Friesin milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep(P<0.01).There were no significant differences in milk protein,lactose content,somatic cell count and urea nitrogen(P>0.05)among the three varieties.The contents of aspartic acid,glutamic acid and methionine in the milk of Hu sheep were significantly higher than those of East Friesen milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep(P<0.05),the contents of 14 amino acids such as threonine,serine and glutamic acid were significantly higher than those of East Friesen milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep(P<0.01).The top 3 fatty acids with the highest concentrations in the milk of East Friesen milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep were butyric acid,hexadecanoic acid,and cis-9-octadecenoic acid,respectively.The contents of these three fatty acids in Hu sheep milk were extremely significantly higher than those in East Friesen milk sheep and East Friesin-Hu hybrid sheep(P<0.01).These results indicated that the growth rate,tail morphology and udder morphology of East Friesen-Hu hybrid sheep were significantly improved compared with those of Hu sheep.In addition,the composition of milk,amino acids and fatty acids in milk of East Friesen-Hu hybrid sheep were more similar to those of East milk Friesin sheep,and the hybrid improvement effect was significant.
作者
白慧
宋永利
李秀男
苏乐德
阿拉木斯
包花拉
包乌日丽嘎
刘跃
菅瑞珍
周璇
黄硕
杨燕燕
BAI Hui;SONG Yongli;LI Xiunan;SU Lede;Alamusi;Baohuala;Baowuriliga;LIU Yue;JIAN Ruizhen;ZHOU Xuan;HUANG Shuo;YANG Yanyan(Animal Husbandry Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,China;Inner Mongolia Leke Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010200,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
北大核心
2025年第7期62-67,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
国家农业生物育种重大项目(2022ZD0401403)
内蒙古农牧业创新基因项目(2025CXJJM07)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目。
关键词
东弗里生羊
东湖杂交羊
湖羊
生产性能
泌乳性能
East Friesin milk sheep
East Friesen-Hu hybrid sheep
Hu sheep
production performance
lactation performance
