摘要
先秦道家崇尚自然,法天贵真。他们对礼的批判与超越并非如表面所见,是对礼的彻底否定,而是在批判儒家提倡的俗礼的繁文虚饰上,展开的一场深刻的精神求真运动,在大道和虚文之间追求自然本真的“至礼”。先秦道家认为至世不礼,礼烦则乱,提倡目击而道存,追求“无礼之礼”的极简境界,消解了礼的所有外在形式。他们通过强调处下、不争、守柔以及内心的虚静修养,以“谦下守柔”的精神重构了礼的本质:摒弃外在的规范束缚,内在却对天地万物充满敬畏与谦卑,在更高维度上重建了人与自然、人与人的本真关系。
Taoists of the Pre-Qin period revered nature,emulated heaven and valued authenticity.Their critique and transcendence of ritual was not,as it might superficially appear,a total negation of ritual itself.Rather,it constituted a profound spiritual quest for truth—rejecting the elaborate formalities and superficial decorations of conventional rituals promoted by Confucianism while pursuing the naturally authentic ultimate ritual that exists between the Great Dao and empty formalities.Believing that“in an ideal world,ritual is unnecessary”and that“excessive ritual leads to chaos,”Taoists of the Pre-Qin period advocated that“the Way manifests through direct experience,”pursuing the minimalist realm of the ritual beyond ritual by dissolving all external forms of ceremonial observance.Through emphasizing embracing humility,non-contention,and keeping softness,alongside cultivating inner tranquility,they reconstructed the essence of ritual with the spirit of“maintaining humility and preserving softness”:externally abandoning normative constraints,while internally fostering reverence and humility toward all things between heaven and earth.This restored,on a higher dimension,the authentic relationships between humanity and nature,and among human beings themselves.
作者
张海英
龙秋实
赵根成
ZHANG Hai-ying;LONG Qiu-shi;ZHAO Gen-cheng(Hunan University;Wuhan Conservatory Of Music)
出处
《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第4期20-26,48,共8页
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“礼乐素养培育和礼乐文化社会教育研究”(22JZD051)
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国礼教思想史(多卷本)”(20&ZD030)
教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目(中国特色社会主义理论体系研究)“党的社会主义理论斗争历史、成就与启示研究”(22JD710029)。
关键词
先秦
道家
礼学
儒家
pre-Qin Dynasty
Taoism
ritual thoughts
Confucianism
