摘要
目的调查消化道癌前病变患者健康素养现状及其影响因素,为临床制定健康教育措施及策略提供科学依据。方法选取2023年4月至2024年9月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的168例消化道癌前病变患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、慢性病患者健康素养量表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、家庭关怀度数量表(APGAR)进行调查,比较不同特征消化道癌前病变患者的健康素养评分,采用Pearson法分析SCSQ、SSRS、APGAR评分与健康素养的相关性,采用多元线性回归分析消化道癌前病变患者健康素养的影响因素。结果本次调查168例消化道癌前病变患者,问卷收回有效率为96.43%(162/168)。162例消化道癌前病变患者的健康素养总分为(95.39±11.47)分,总均分(3.50±0.54)分。不同年龄、居住地、学历、家庭月收入、癌症防治认知度的消化道癌前病变患者健康素养评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在吸烟史、性别、病变部位、婚姻状态、肿瘤家族史、饮酒史、职业方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,SCSQ量表中的积极应对方式与健康素养评分呈正相关,消极应对方式与健康素养评分呈负相关,且SSRS评分、APGAR评分与健康素养评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,居住于城镇、年龄、家庭月收入、学历、癌症防治认知度、APGAR评分、SSRS评分、消极应对方式、积极应对方式是消化道癌前病变患者健康素养的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论消化道癌前病变患者健康素养处于中等水平,且与社会支持、应对方式等因素有关,据此医护工作者可及时识别健康素养较低的消化道癌前病变患者,通过采用针对性干预措施提升其健康素养,防控疾病不良进展。
Objective To investigate the status of health literacy among patients with gastrointestinal precancer-ous lesions and identify its influencing factors,thereby providing a scientific basis for formulating clinical health-education strategies.Methods A total of 168 patients with gastrointestinal precancerous lesions admitted to the First Affiliated Hos-pital of Zhengzhou University from April 2023 to September 2024 were selected as the subjects of the study.Data were col-lected using a general information questionnaire,the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Chronic Diseases,the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),and the Family Caregiving Appreciation and Gratitude(APGAR)scale.Health literacy scores were compared across subgroups with different characteristics.Pear-son correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between SCSQ,SSRS,APGAR scores,and health literacy,and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing health literacy in patients with gastrointestinal precancerous lesions.Results Of the 168 questionnaires distributed,162 were valid,showing a response rate of 96.43%(162/168).The total score of health literacy for the 162 patients was(95.39±11.47)points,with a total aver-age score of(3.50±0.54)points.Health literacy scores differed significantly by age,place of residence,education level,monthly household income,and awareness of cancer prevention and control(P<0.05),but not by smoking history,gender,lesion location,marital status,family history of cancer,alcohol consumption history,or occupation(P>0.05).Pearson corre-lation analysis revealed that positive coping in the SCSQ scale was positively correlated with health literacy,whereas nega-tive coping was negatively correlated;SSRS and APGAR scores were both positively correlated with health literacy(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analyses identified urban residence,age,monthly household income,education level,awareness of cancer prevention and control,APGAR scores,SSRS scores,negative coping strategies,and positive coping strategies as independent factors influencing health literacy among patients with gastrointestinal precancerous lesions(P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with gastrointestinal precancerous lesions exhibit a moderate level of health literacy,which is related to factors such as social support and coping strategies.Based on this,healthcare workers should identify patients with low health literacy who are suffering from gastrointestinal precancerous lesions promptly and implement targeted inter-vention measures to improve their health literacy and prevent adverse disease progression.
作者
宋梦丽
柴蕴珠
张学秀
简婷
SONG Meng-li;CHAI Yun-zhu;ZHANG Xue-xiu;JIAN Ting(Department of Gastroenterology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,CHINA)
出处
《海南医学》
2025年第13期1932-1937,共6页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(编号:LHGJ20190259)。
关键词
消化道癌
癌前病变
健康素养
社会支持
应对方式
家庭功能
影响因素
Gastrointestinal cancer
Precancerous lesions
Health literacy
Social support
Coping strategies
Family function
Influencing factors
