摘要
目的:调查分析海军离岸官兵睡眠质量及其影响因素,为开展针对性干预提供科学依据。方法:2023年6月至2024年4月利用整群抽样法选取海军某部180名官兵作为研究对象,采用自填式问卷进行调查。77名近1个月执行过2周以上出海任务且靠岸休息时长不超过3 d的海军官兵作为离岸组,103名在岸上休整至少3个月的海军官兵作为岸勤组。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评估2组海军官兵的睡眠质量,采用多因素Logistic回归分析海军离岸官兵睡眠质量的影响因素。结果:离岸组海军官兵的主观睡眠质量得分[(1.31±0.88)分]、睡眠效率得分[(0.96±1.14)分]和PSQI总分[(6.95±3.59)分]均明显高于岸勤组[(1.02±0.84)分、(0.41±0.75)分、(5.62±3.66)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。离岸组海军官兵中有43人(55.84%,43/77)存在睡眠质量问题,存在问题的单个维度为入睡时间(58.44%,45/77)、主观睡眠质量(45.45%,35/77)和睡眠持续时间(41.56%,32/77)。年龄、每周中高强度体力活动时间、夜班轮值频率、轮班工作年限、饮食行为、胃肠道反应、焦虑情绪是离岸组海军官兵睡眠质量的影响因素(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,农村户籍、夜班轮值频率高、每周中高强度体力活动时间少、饮食行为差是影响海军离岸官兵睡眠质量的主要危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:离岸官兵的睡眠质量普遍较差,建议合理安排夜班轮值,加强膳食营养和健康知识的宣教,指导海军官兵合理膳食和适量运动,从而改善其睡眠质量。
Objective To investigate and analyze the sleep quality of offshore naval officers and sailors and its influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for targeted intervention.Methods From June 2023 to April 2024,a total of 180 officers and sailors of a naval troop were selected as research subjects using the whole cluster sampling method,and a self-administered questionnaire was used in the survey.Seventy-seven naval officers and sailors who had undertaken offshore work for more than 2 weeks in the past month and had less than 3 days of onshore rest were assigned into an offshore group,while the other 103 naval officers and sailors who had stayed on shore for at least 3 months were assigned into an onshore group.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to assess the sleep quality of both groups,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality among offshore naval officers and sailors.ResultsThe subjective sleep quality score[(1.31±0.88)points],sleep efficiency score[(0.96±1.14)points],and total PSQI score[(6.95±3.59)points]of the offshore group were significantly higher than those of the onshore group[(1.02±0.84),(0.41±0.75),and(5.62±3.66)points],all differences were statistical significant(all P<0.05).Within the offshore group,43 personnel(55.84%,43/77)had sleep problems,with specific dimensions of the identified sleep disorders being sleep latency(58.44%,45/77),subjective sleep quality(45.45%,35/77),and sleep duration(41.56%,32/77).The influencing factors of sleep quality in the offshore group were age,weekly hours of moderate-to-aggressive physical activity,night shift frequency,years of shift work,dietary behavior,gastrointestinal reactions,and anxiety(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rural household registration background,high night shift frequency,little weekly hours of moderate-to-aggressive physical activity,and poor dietary behavior were the main risk factors affecting sleep quality among offshore naval officers and sailors(all P<0.05).ConclusionThe sleep quality of offshore naval officers and sailors is poor on the whole.It is recommended to reasonably arrange night shifts,strengthen dietary nutrition and health education,and guide naval officers and sailors to maintain a balanced diet and moderate exercise to improve their sleep quality.
作者
钟佳倩
王嘉铭
卞中博
赵黎明
纪小国
冯祥茹
王浩
李或
樊创
李娟
Zhong Jiaqian;Wang Jiaming;Bian Zhongbo;Zhao Liming;Ji Xiaoguo;Feng Xiangru;Wang Hao;Li Huo;Fan Chuang;Li Juan(School of Public Health,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Department of Nutrition,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200003,China;School of Biotechnology,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,Research and Development Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)
出处
《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》
2025年第5期496-502,共7页
Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine
基金
上海市产业协同创新项目(CXXT-2022-02)。
关键词
睡眠质量
影响因素
离岸官兵
Sleep quality
Influencing factor
Offshore officers and sailors
