摘要
[目的/意义]本文旨在探讨在当前世界百年未有之大变局中美国对华实施的认知战,研究这种战争的主要方式、基本内容、表现特征以及带来的危害,并在此基础上提出中国的有效应对之策。[方法/过程]本文以话语分析领域对污名化最有解释力的跨学科、综合性的框架理论作为研究范式,以美国保守派智库对华污名化为例进行分析,探讨美国保守派智库对华污名化的生成、发展、演变与影响,并由此总结美国保守派智库对华污名化在内的美国对华认知战的主要表现、基本特征。[结果/结论]美国保守派智库对华污名化在内的美国对华认知战是一种多主体、全时域、多方位的新型战争,具有成本低、隐蔽性高、杀伤力强的特性,以及不区分平时和战时、不区分前线和后方的特点。中国要加强对美西方国家认知战实践做法的研究,借助互联网、大数据、人工智能等新技术手段提升话语建构能力,注重加强国际传播。
[Purpose/Significance]This article aims to investigete the cognitive warfare waged by the U.S.against China amidst the profound changes the world has not seen in a century.It examines the main methods,basic content,performance characteristics and harm caused by this kind of war.On this basis,China’s effective countermeasures are proposed.[Method/Process]This study adopts an interdisciplinary and comprehensive theoretical framework,which is considered the most explanatory for stigmatization in the field of discourse analysis.By conducting a case study on the stigmatization of China by the U.S.conservative think tanks,this paper explores the generation,development,evolution,and impact of the stigmatization.From this analysis,the main manifestations and fundamental traits of the U.S.cognitive warfare against China,including the stig-matization by its conservative think tanks,are summarized.[Result/Conclusion]The U.S.cognitive warfare against China,including the stigmatization of China by the U.S.conservative think tanks,is a new form of warfare involving multiple subjects,all-time domains,and many aspects.It has the characteristics of low cost,high concealment,and high lethality,as well as the characteristics of not distinguishing between peacetime and wartime,or the front line and the rear.China must strengthen its research on the practical practices of cognitive warfare in the U.S.and Western countries,prepare for warfare in a targeted manner,and use new technologies such as the Internet,big data,and artificial intelligence to improve its ability to construct discourse and focus on strengthening international communication.
作者
孔志国
Kong Zhiguo(Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100070;Institute of International Strategic Studies,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC(National Academy of Governance),Beijing 100091)
出处
《智库理论与实践》
北大核心
2025年第3期15-24,共10页
Think Tank:Theory & Practice
基金
国家社科基金重大专项“新形势下美国问题研究”(项目编号:22VMG019)的研究成果之一。
关键词
认知战
框架理论
美国保守派智库
对华污名化
cognitive warfare
framing theory
the U.S.conservative think tanks
stigmatization of China
