摘要
人工智能武器化进程正在加速推进。从“人的安全”视域出发,可以发现人工智能正在催发新的战争形态并对正义战争伦理造成了深刻挑战。一方面,人工智能的武器化应用改变了传统的战争形态,打破了战争与非战争状态的界限,使战争变成一种日常化现象,进而引发了“人的安全”状态的永久性变化,体现为人的主体性危机、认知自主性消解及经济生活备战化等。另一方面,当前的智能化战争已突破传统人道主义伦理规范,导致了战争责任模糊、正义标准失效与战争目标泛化等问题。2022年爆发的俄乌冲突,是人工智能武器化最典型的案例之一。在“人的安全”视角下,俄乌冲突案例展示出战争形态的变迁与战争规范的瓦解路径,揭示出俄乌两国内部民众所面临的各类挑战,为如何重塑战争规范提供了启发。总之,人工智能武器化时代,若要平衡技术发展与伦理规范构建的深层次矛盾,必须从“人的安全”出发重建治理框架并重构伦理规范。
The process of the weaponization of artificial intelligence(AI)is accelerating.From the perspective of"human security",it can be observed that AI is giving rise to new forms of warfare and posing profound challenges to the ethics of just war.On one hand,the weaponized application of AI has transformed the forms of traditional warfare,blurred the boundary between war and peacetime,and turned war into a routine phenomenon.This has in turn triggered permanent changes in the state of"human security",manifested in crises of human subjectivity,the erosion of cognitive autonomy,and the militarization of economic life.On the other hand,current intelligent warfare has transcended traditional humanitarian ethical norms,leading to problems such as ambiguous war responsibility,the failure of just war standards,and the generalization of war objectives.The Russia-Ukraine conflict that broke out in 2022 is one of the most typical cases of AI weaponization.From the perspective of"human security",the Russia-Ukraine case demonstrates the evolution of warfare forms and the path of the collapse of war norms,reveals various challenges faced by the people of both countries,and provides insights into how to reshape war norms.In conclusion,in the era of AI weaponization,to balance the in-depth contradictions between technological development and the construction of ethical norms,it is necessary to rebuild the governance framework and restructure ethical norms based on"human security".
作者
李宏洲
刘晓源
Li Hongzhou;Liu Xiaoyuan
出处
《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》
2025年第6期96-119,161,162,共26页
Russian,East European & Central Asian Studies
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“美国人工智能武器化及对策研究”(24CGJ012)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
人工智能武器化
“人的安全”
战争形态
正义战争
俄乌冲突
Weaponization of Artificial Intelligence
Human Security
Warfare Forms
Just War
Russia-Ukraine Conflict
