摘要
目的探讨成人弱视患者在面孔诱导任务中top-down通路的神经加工特征,重点分析P1、N170等事件相关电位成分,以揭示top-down通路在面孔认知中的作用。方法本研究招募16名弱视患者(弱视组)和15名健康对照者(健康对照组)受试者,通过面孔诱导任务,测量反应假警率和反应时间,脑电试验采用E-Prime 3.0设计面孔感知任务,使用64导脑电帽记录脑电信号,并对数据进行时域分析。研究对比了弱视患者和健康对照者在行为学和神经生理学水平上的差异,主要分析P1和N170成分的平均波幅差异。结果行为学预试验结果表明,弱视组与健康对照组受试者在反应假警率和反应时间方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。各个主效应和交互效应下比较,P1成分差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。弱视组和健康对照组受试者P1平均波幅比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。N170成分在不同电极位置和试验条件下表现出显著的主效应和交互效应(电极主效应:F_((3,63))=29.064,P=0.000,η^(2)=0.581;条件主效应:F_((2,42))=23.677,P=0.000,η^(2)=0.530;条件和电极交互效应:F_((6,126))=5.846,P=0.002,η^(2)=0.218)。弱视组和健康对照组受试者N170成分波平均波幅比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论弱视患者的早期视觉加工(P1)未表现出明显异常,但N170成分在不同电极位置和试验条件下表现出显著差异,这可能反映出top-down通路在弱视患者面孔识别过程中发挥了一定的补偿作用。
Objective To investigate the neural processing characteristics of the top-down pathway in adults with amblyopia during face perception tasks,with a focus on event-related potential components(P1,N170),thereby elucidating the role of top-down pathways in face cognition.Methods Sixteen amblyopic patients(amblyopia group)and fifteen healthy controls(control group)were recruited.Participants performed a face perception task designed in E-Prime 3.0,while behavioral metrics[false alarm rate(FAR),reaction time(RT)]and neural responses were recorded using a 64-channel EEG cap.EEG data underwent time-domain analysis,comparing group differences in behavioral performance and neurophysiological responses(mean amplitudes of P1 and N170 components).Results Preliminary behavioral analysis showed no significant differences in FAR or RT between groups(all P>0.05).No significant differences were observed in P1 amplitude across any main effects or interactions(all P>0.05).The mean P1 amplitude did not differ significantly between the amblyopia and control groups(P>0.05).For the N170 component,significant main effects and interactions were identified across electrode sites and experimental conditions:electrode main effect:F_((3,63))=29.064,P=0.000,η^(2)=0.581;condition main effect:F_((2,42))=23.677,P=0.000,η^(2)=0.530;electrode×condition interaction:F_((6,126))=5.846,P=0.002,η^(2)=0.218.Notably,the mean N170 amplitude showed no significant group difference between amblyopic patients and healthy controls(P>0.05).Conclusion Early visual processing(P1)remains intact in amblyopic patients,whereas altered N170 dynamics across electrodes and conditions suggest compensatory engagement of top-down pathways during face recognition in amblyopia.
作者
明小璐
黄干天
刘陇黔
MING Xiaolu;HUANG Gantian;LIU Longqian(Department of Ophthalmology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Science,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Department of Optometry and Vision Science,West China School of Medicine,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《眼科新进展》
北大核心
2025年第7期546-553,共8页
Recent Advances in Ophthalmology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82070996)
华西医院“1·3·5卓越学科计划”临床研究基金(编号:2024HXFH044)
方谦逊-唐泽媛眼科临床医学公益计划(编号:0040206107039)。
