摘要
为深入探究云南瑞丽割手密无性系光合气体交换参数的遗传变异特征,筛选高光效优良种质资源,为高光效品种选育奠定种质基础。利用LCpro T光合作用测定仪,于大生长期测定14份瑞丽割手密无性系的净光速率(A)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(E)、蒸腾效率(TE)、瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)等6项光合气体交换参数。通过方差分析、计算广义遗传力、相关及主成分分析揭示其气体交换参数的变异特征,并通过聚类分析和判别分析筛选优质种质。结果表明:6项光合气体交换参数在参试的14份瑞丽割手密间差异均达到显著或极显著水平,其变异大小依次是:Gs>Ci>WUE>TE>E>A。各项参数的广义遗传力均大于30%,其中Ci的广义遗传力最大达到73.505%。净光速率(A)与气孔导度(Gs)和叶片瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)呈显著正相关,与胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)呈显著正相关,与蒸腾效率(TE)呈负相关;主成分分析将6项光合气体交换参数综合为“碳同化因子”和“水分利用效率因子”2项公因子,其累积贡献率达到82.753%,其中第一项公因子“碳同化因子”是比较重要的因子,其贡献率达到54.441%。通过聚类分析,在欧式距离为4.50处将14份瑞丽割手密种质分为3类,其结果与主成分得分结果一致,其中第Ⅰ类群的2023RLL-4、2023RLL-8、2023RLL-9、2023RLL-10、2023RLL-12、2023RLL-13和2023RLL-14等7份瑞丽割手密的6项光合气体指标均优异,其中2023RLL-9、2023RLL-10和2023RLL-12等3份种质的主成分得分值较高应重点关注。参试瑞丽割手密中蕴含着丰富的气体交换参数变异,基因型差异是该变异产生的主要原因。第Ⅰ类群瑞丽割手密种质2023RLL-9、2023RLL-10和2023RLL-12,具有较高的“碳同化能力”和“水分利用效率”,且其主成分得分最佳,在高光效育种过程中要加强对其的利用。
In order to understand the genetic variation of photosynthetic gas exchange parameters of Yunnan Saccharum spontaneum clones,and to screen the high luminous efficiency excellent germplasm resources,and lay the germplasm foundation for the breeding of high luminous efficiency varieties.Six photosynthetic gas exchange parameters,including net light rate(A),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),transpiration rate(E),transpiration efficiency(TE)and instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE),were determined by LCpro T photosynthesis analyzer at the large growth stage of 14 Ruili S.spontaneum clones.The variation characteristics of gas exchange parameters were clarified by variance analysis,generalized heritability calculation,correlation and principal component analysis,and the high-quality germplasm was screened by cluster analysis and discriminant analysis.The results showed that the 6 photosynthetic gas exchange parameters had significant or extremely significant differences among the 14 samples,and the variation was as follows:Gs>Ci>WUE>TE>E>A.The generalized heritability of all parameters was greater than 30%,and the maximum generalized heritability of Ci was 73.505%.The net light rate(A)was positively correlated with stomatal conductance(Gs)and instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE),positively correlated with intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),and negatively correlated with transpiration efficiency(TE).The principal component analysis synthesized six photosynthetic gas exchange parameters into two common factors,“carbon assimilation factor”and“water use efficiency”,whose cumulative contribution rate reached 82.753%.The first common factor,“carbon assimilation factor”,was the more important factor,whose contribution rate reached 54.441%.By cluster analysis,14 Ruili Saccharum spontaneum germlines were divided into 3 categories at the Euclidean distance of 4.50,and the results were consistent with the principal component score.Among them,the 6 photosynthetic gas indexes of 7 samples of GroupⅠ,including 2023RLL-4,2023RLL-8,2023RLL-9,2023RLL-10,2023RLL-12,2023RLL-13 and 2023RLL-14,were excellent.Among them,2023RLL-9,2023RLL-10 and 2023RLL-12 had higher principal component scores,which should be paid more attention,and their utilization should be strengthened in the breeding process of high luminous efficiency.
作者
俞华先
桃联安
安汝东
刘家勇
昝逢刚
赵丽萍
赵勇
艾静
YU Huaxian;TAO Lian’an;AN Rudong;LIU Jiayong;ZAN Fenggang;ZHAO Liping;ZHAO Yong;AI Jing(National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,Yunnan,China)
出处
《甘蔗糖业》
2025年第3期19-32,共14页
Sugarcane and Canesugar
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2301100)
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23073001)
国家基金委(地区)科学基金(31860406、31960448)。
关键词
甘蔗
割手密
高光效
气体交换参数
遗传差异
Sugarcane
Saccharum spontaneum L.
High luminous efficiency
Gas exchange parameter
Genetic variation
