摘要
微塑料作为一种新兴污染物,因其能够对生物体造成的显著且不可忽视的影响以及难以防治的特性而备受关注和讨论。微塑料对生物(包括无脊椎动物、脊椎动物和植物)的生长具有严重的影响,包括引发DNA损伤、细胞损伤和炎症反应等。在国际上,针对微塑料的治理主要通过物理破碎和收集、化学降解法以及生物降解法。其中,化学降解法是微塑料降解的主要方法,而高级氧化法则为最主流且高效的方式。此外,生物降解法通常作为化学降解法的补充手段应用于微塑料降解流程,但部分研究表明其也具备独立处理微塑料的能力。面对微塑料污染问题,在未来的研究与治理工作中,应深入探究微塑料的生态毒理学效应,以更精准地评估其风险,并开发出更高效、更环保的微塑料降解技术。
Microplastics,as an emerging pollutant,have garnered significant attention and discussion due to their pronounced and undeniable impact on organisms and the difficulty in controlling and preventing their spread.These tiny particles severely affect the growth of various organisms,including invertebrates,vertebrates,and plants,by causing DNA damage,cellular injury,and inflammatory responses,among other issues.Internationally,the management of microplastics primarily involves physical fragmentation and collection,chemical degradation,and biological degradation.Among these methods,chemical degradation stands out as the principal approach,with advanced oxidation processes being the most mainstream and efficient technique.Additionally,biological degradation is often used as a supplementary method in the degradation process of microplastics.However,some studies have shown that it also has the potential to independently handle microplastic pollution.Faced with the challenge of microplastic pollution,we should delve into the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics in its future research and management efforts.This will enable a more accurate assessment of the risks associated with microplastics and facilitate the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly degradation technologies.
作者
黄熹哲
蔡河山
户坤坤
胥丹
梁潮佲
赵雨鑫
方铮
HUANG Xizhe;CAI Heshan;HU Kunkun;XU Dan;LIANG Chaoming;ZHAO Yuxin;FANG Zheng(School of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China)
出处
《塑料科技》
北大核心
2025年第6期171-176,共6页
Plastics Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(42107031)
广东省自然科学基金(2024A1515011443)
特里尔应用技术大学合作举办环境工程专业本科教育项目(FD2019001)
佛山市哲学社会科学规划项目(2024-GJ019)。
关键词
新兴污染物
微塑料
生物
危害
治理技术
New pollutants
Microplastics
Organism
Hazards
Governance technology
