摘要
为充分发挥攀西地区光热资源优势,创新优化早熟桃配套栽培技术,以攀西地区4个早熟桃品种的2~3年生植株为试材,比较了叶面喷施多效唑、夏季修剪以及种植密度等栽培管理因素对早熟桃植株生长指标的影响。结果表明,谢花后30 d左右树冠喷施多效唑显著抑制了“中桃红玉”桃树春梢生长,但提高了单株挂果量和冠层叶片温度;夏季修剪均促进了“中农金辉”和“优系1881”油桃二次枝的萌发,但“优系1881”抽生的二次枝主要为短枝,而“中农金辉”抽生的二次枝主要为长枝;当种植密度增加时(株行距由1.5 m×4 m变为1 m×4 m),“中桃红玉”桃的多项植株生长指标和单株挂果量显著下降,而“中桃紫玉”桃的各项生长指标未出现显著变化,但显著提高了距地面1.5 m处叶片的SPAD值和氮含量,并显著降低了冠层叶片温度。研究结果可为研发攀西地区早熟桃控梢保果和合理密植技术提供参考。
In order to fully utilize the advantages of light and heat resources in Panxi region and innovate and optimize the cultivation techniques of early-maturing peach,2 to 3-year-old plants of four early-maturing peach varieties in Panxi region were used as test materials to compare the effects of different cultivation management factors,including foliar spraying with paclobutrazol,summer pruning,and varying planting densities,on the growth indexes of the peach plants.The results indicated that around 30 days after end of flowering,spraying paclobutrazol significantly inhibited the growth of spring shoots of Zhongtaohongyu,but increased the number of fruits per plant and the temperature of canopy leaves.Summer pruning promoted the germination of secondary branches of Zhongnongjinhui and 1881.However,the secondary branches newly sprouted from 1881 were mainly short branches,while those from Zhongnongjinhui were mainly long branches.With the increase of planting density,a number of plant growth indexes and the number of fruits per plant of Zhongtaohongyu decreased significantly.In contrast,those indexes of Zhongtaoziyu did not change significantly.However,the SPAD value and nitrogen content of leaves at 1.5 m above the ground were significantly increased,while the temperature of canopy leaves was significantly decreased.This study could provide a reference for the development of techniques for control of branch growth,fruit retention,and rational dense planting of early-maturing peaches in Panxi region.
作者
宋海岩
王晓岸
涂美艳
赵科
江国良
孙淑霞
李靖
王玲利
何成勇
徐子鸿
银登贵
陈栋
SONG Haiyan;WANG Xiao’an;TU Meiyan;ZHAO Ke;JIANG Guoliang;SUN Shuxia;LI Jing;WANG Lingli;HE Chengyong;XU Zihong;YIN Denggui;CHEN Dong(Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Southwestern Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu,Sichuan,610066,China;Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan,611130,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2025年第3期137-141,共5页
South China Fruits
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600800)
国家桃产业技术体系(CARS-31)
四川省科技计划项目(2021YFYZ0023-05,2023YFN0086)
四川水果创新团队桃岗位专家经费(SCCXTD-2024-4)
成都市科技计划项目(2024-YF05-02668-SN)资助。
关键词
桃
栽培措施
攀西地区
植株生长
peach
cultivation measures
Panxi region
plant growth
