摘要
[目的]分析石漠化地区光伏阵列对气候-土壤的影响与机理,为石漠化地区“光伏+”及生态修复提供科学依据。[方法]以云南石林光伏电站为研究对象,基于气象站观测与土壤性质测定,通过方差分析、Mantel test和偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(PLS-SEM),分析光伏阵列区与非光伏阵列区的微气候与土壤理化性质的干湿季动态变化,探究光伏组件对微气候-土壤的影响过程及机制。[结果]1)不同季节下,光伏阵列显著影响局地微气候因子和土壤理化性质(p<0.05),相较非光伏阵列区,雨季,光伏阵列区显著增加空气湿度(4%)、土壤温度(7%),降低风速(77%)、土壤湿度(10%)、光照强度(59%)、体积质量(21%)、SOC(55%)、TN(14%)、HN(52%),旱季,光伏阵列区显著增加AK(32%),减少风速(89%)、体积质量(11%)、SOC(27%)、HN(37%)。2)光伏阵列内主要通过光照强度、气温、风速、pH促进土壤水热与养分变化,光伏阵列对微气候、土壤水热、土壤养分皆具有直接积极影响,同时通过改善微气候、土壤水热条件对土壤化学性质造成间接改良作用。[结论]滇中石漠化地区光伏板的架设,能够消风遮光,增加空气湿度,维持土壤的温度和水分,增加土壤体积质量,提高速效钾质量分数,有助于改善生态系统稳定性。
[Objective]To analyze the effects of photovoltaic(PV)arrays on climate and soil in rocky desertification areas and the underlying mechanisms,and to provide a scientific basis for“PV+”initiatives and ecological restoration in rocky desertification areas.[Methods]Taking Yunnan Shilin photovoltaic power station as the research object,based on meteorological station observations and soil property measurements,we analyzed the dynamic changes in microclimate and soil physicochemical properties between PV array area and non-PV array area in dry and wet seasons through analysis of variance(ANOVA),Mantel test,and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM),in order to explore the process and mechanism of the impacts of PV modules on microclimate and soil.[Results]1)Across different seasons,PV arrays significantly affected local microclimate factors and soil physicochemical properties(p<0.05).Compared with non-PV array areas,during the rainy season,PV array areas significantly increased air humidity(4%)and soil temperature(7%),and decreased wind speed(77%),soil moisture(10%),light intensity(59%),soil bulk density(21%)SOC(55%),TN(14%)and HN(52%).In the dry season,PV array areas significantly increased AK(32%)and decreased wind speed(89%),soil bulk density(11%),SOC(27%)and HN(37%).2)Within the PV arrays,soil hydrothermal and nutrient changes were mainly promoted by light intensity,air temperature,wind speed,and pH.The PV arrays had a direct positive effect on microclimate,soil hydrothermal conditions,and soil nutrients,and at the same time,indirectly improved soil chemical properties through improving microclimate and soil hydrothermal conditions.[Conclusion]The installation of PV panels in the rocky desertification area of central Yunnan can reduce wind speed and block light,increase air humidity,maintain soil temperature and moisture,increase soil bulk density and available potassium content,thereby contributing to the improvement of ecosystem stability.
作者
车光欣
李艳梅
胡元泽
王妍
吴雲鹏
刘芳君
CHE Guangxin;LI Yanmei;HU Yuanze;WANG Yan;WU Yunpeng;LIU Fangjun(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Shilin Yundiantou New Energy Development Co.Ltd.,Kunming 652200,China)
出处
《水土保持学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期191-201,共11页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260420)
云南省基础研究计划重点项目(202401AS070014)
云南省水土保持与荒漠化防治学一流学科开放基金项目(SKB20240037)。
关键词
石漠化
光伏阵列
微气候
土壤水热
土壤理化性质
rocky desertification
photovoltaic arrays
microclimate
soil hydrothermal conditions
soil physicochemical properties
