摘要
【目的】明确生物质炭基肥应用于茶园对土壤养分及茶叶产量和品质的影响有助于提高茶园的生产效益,促进农业生产方式向低碳、循环利用方向的转变。【方法】以茶园为研究对象,基于2 a田间试验研究不施肥(ck)、施用化肥(CF)、施用生物质炭基肥(BF)和生物质炭基肥与化肥1∶1配施(CBF)等4种处理对土壤养分和茶树Camellia sinensis生长的影响。【结果】(1)与ck相比,CF、BF和CBF处理均显著提高了土壤pH,总氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾质量分数(P<0.05),并显著提升了茶树对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收(P<0.05),且CBF处理的效果优于CF和BF处理。(2)相比CF处理,BF和CBF处理的茶叶产量分别提高了23.13%~24.54%和53.27%~53.75%,且各施肥处理之间的两两差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。施肥类型对茶叶水浸出物、咖啡碱、茶多酚、游离氨基酸质量分数的影响显著(P<0.05),表现为CBF>BF>CF>ck,而不同处理间酚氨比则呈相反的变化。(3)色关联分析表明:土壤pH、碱解氮和有效磷是影响茶叶产量的关键因素,而茶叶品质受土壤pH,茶叶钾和氮质量分数影响更大。【结论】生物质炭基肥与化肥配施可改善茶园土壤养分状况、增加茶叶产量和提升茶叶品质,是推动农业绿色可持续发展的一种有效措施。
[Objective]To clarifying the impacts of biochar-based fertilizers on soil nutrients,tea yield and quality in tea gardens is conducive to enhancing the production efficiency of tea gardens and promoting the transition of agricultural production towards low-carbon,recycling-oriented practices.[Method]Focusing on tea gardens,this study conducted two years field experiments with four treatments:no fertilization(ck),chemical fertilizer application(CF),biochar-based fertilizer application(BF),and a 1∶1 combination of biocharbased fertilizer and chemical fertilizer(CBF).The study investigated the effects of these treatments on soil nutrients and tea plant growth.[Result](1)Compared with ck,CF,BF,and CBF treatments significantly increased soil pH,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and readily available potassium contents,and significantly increased the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium by tea plants(P<0.05),with CBF treatment showing better effects than CF and BF treatments.(2)Compared to CF treatment,the tea yield in BF and CBF treatments increased by 23.13%-24.54%and 53.27%-53.75%,respectively,and the pairwise differences among different fertilization treatments reached a significant level(P<0.05).The type of fertilization significantly affects the contents of water extract,caffeine,tea polyphenols and free amino acids in tea leaves(P<0.05),with the trend being CBF>BF>CF>ck,while the polyphenol/amino acids showed opposite changes.(3)Grey relational analysis showed that soil pH,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,and available phosphorus are key factors influencing tea yield,while soil pH and the concentrations of potassium and nitrogen in tea leaves have a greater impact on tea quality.[Conclusion]The application of biochar-based fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizers can improve soil nutrient conditions in tea gardens,increase tea yield,and enhance tea quality.This method is as an effective measure to promote green and sustainable agricultural development.
作者
张素娥
邹文华
雷春松
罗小平
赖丽芬
雷晶
邬建红
姜培坤
ZHANG Su’e;ZOU Wenhua;LEI Chunsong;LUO Xiaoping;LAI Lifen;LEI Jing;WU Jianhong;JIANG Peikun(Soil Fertilizer Plant Protection Energy Station,Suichang 323300,Zhejiang,China;Agricultural and Rural Services Center of Sanren Country for She Ethnic,Suichang 323300,Zhejiang,China;Center for Rural Economic Reform and Development,Suichang 323300,Zhejiang,China;Center for the Translocation Services of Farmers,Suichang 323300,Zhejiang,China;College of Environment and Resources/College of Carbon Neutrality,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《浙江农林大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期486-494,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang A&F University
基金
浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2023SNJF040)。
关键词
生物质炭基肥
茶园
土壤肥力
养分吸收
茶叶产量
茶叶品质
biochar-based fertilizer
tea garden
soil fertility
nutrient absorption
tea yield
tea quality
