摘要
生态系统服务付费在国际上是促进生态保护与经济社会协同发展的重要手段,与我国的生态产品价值实现在实践模式与路径上具有高度相似性。生态保护补偿是我国生态产品价值实现的主要路径之一,目前主要依靠政府“输血式”补贴,存在资金来源单一、市场主体活力不足等问题。哥斯达黎加森林生态系统服务付费制度是发展中国家实施市场化生态保护补偿的著名案例,通过强制性收费、受益者付费、国际义务支持、信贷基金收益4类融资渠道实现了森林生态保护补偿的市场化运行,对我国生态产品价值实现具有重要借鉴价值。文中在分析哥斯达黎加森林生态系统服务付费制度运行机制的基础上,总结了相关经验做法对我国实现市场化生态保护补偿的启示。
Payment for ecosystem services(PES)is an important means to promote synergistic development between ecological protection and economic development,sharing a high degree of similarity with the practical mode and path for realizing the value of ecological products in China.Compensation for ecological protection is one of the main pathways to realize the value of ecological products in China,but at present,it is characterized with few sources of funding and lack of vitality among the market entities due to its heavy dependence on the government subsidies.Costa Rica’s PES for forest is a well-known case of market-based compensation for ecological protection in developing countries,which realizes the market-based operation of forest ecological protection compensation through four types of financing:mandatory fees,beneficiary payments,voluntary international support,and proceeds from credit funds.This case provides an important reference for realizing the value of ecological products in China.Based on the analysis of the operational mechanism of Costa Rica’s PES for forest,this paper summarizes the implications of its experiences and practices for the market-oriented realization of ecological protection compensation in China.
作者
张林波
宋振兴
徐楠楠
梁田
刘开迪
Zhang Linbo;Song Zhenxing;Xu Nannan;Liang Tian;Liu Kaidi(Yellow River Eco-products Value Realization Research Center,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;School of Marxism,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)
出处
《世界林业研究》
北大核心
2025年第1期118-125,共8页
World Forestry Research
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“生态产品价值核算与生态保护补偿的统计研究”(23BTJ030)
教育部人文社会科学研究项目“公共性生态产品的溢价效应测度与形成机制研究”(22YJC90080)。
关键词
生态系统服务付费
生态保护补偿
运行机制
生态产品
哥斯达黎加
payments for ecosystem services
compensation for ecological protection
operational mechanism
ecological product
Costa Rica
