摘要
谴责是人际间惯用的评价方式,常以否定性的方式呈现。但正当的谴责不同于批评,它并不过分纠结于客观事实的对错,而是以行为理由作为价值判断的依据。这就意味着,正当的谴责必须以对事件相关方行为理由的权衡为前提,否则便会偏离中道,沦为苛责或者纵容。基于此,谴责的道德正当性需要从谴责者与被谴责者互为主体的视角考虑。首先,要考虑谴责者是否具备正当的道德地位与资格;其次,对于被谴责者,需要考虑其是否值得被谴责,这包括被谴责的能力以及自由意志两个方面。
Condemnation is a common evaluative practice in interpersonal relations,often presented in a negative manner.However,legitimate condemnation differs from criticism in that it does not dwell excessively on the right or wrong of objective facts,but rather takes the behavioral reasons as the basis for value judgments.It implys that legitimate condemnation must be premised on weighing the behavioral reasons of relevant parties to an incident,otherwise it risks deviating and degenerating into either harsh criticism or undue leniency.Consequently,the moral legitimacy of condemnation needs to be considered from the intersubjecitve perspectives of both the the condemner and the condemned.Firstly,it is necessary to consider whether the condemner possesses a legitimate moral standing and qualification.Secondly,regarding the condemned,it is essential to evaluate whether they deserve condemnation,which encompasses the capacity to be condemned and free will.
作者
罗静
LUO Jing(School of Philosophy,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《江苏理工学院学报》
2025年第2期1-9,共9页
Journal of Jiangsu University of Technology
基金
江苏省社会科学基金后期资助项目“迈克尔·斯洛特移情关怀伦理思想研究”(23HQB039)。
关键词
谴责
道德正当性
谴责者
被谴责者
condemnation
moral legitimacy
the condemner
the condemned
