摘要
上帝机器是萨沃列斯库和佩尔松提出的一种道德增强的极端方案。它被哈里斯和斯派罗等学者批评为剥夺了被增强者的自由意志,因此缺乏道德正当性。在为上帝机器辩护时,有两种可能的策略:要么否认上帝机器会损害自由意志,要么否认自由意志与道德责任有必然联系。然而,采用第一种策略的反驳并不彻底,还存在范畴错误等诸多问题。相比之下,采用第二种策略的修正主义理论能够有效地回避这些问题,并且能够应对上帝机器可能带来的负面后果以及滑坡论证和操纵论证等相关挑战,从而为上帝机器提供了更有力的辩护。
The God Machine,an extreme proposal for moral enhancement introduced by Savulescu and Persson,has been criticized by scholars such as Harris and Sparrow for allegedly depriving individuals of free will,thereby lacking moral legitimacy.Two possible strategies have been proposed to defend the God Machine:first,denying that it impairs free will;second,rejecting the necessary connection between free will and moral responsibility.The first strategy is inadequate,plagued by weak arguments and category errors.In contrast,the revisionist theory supporting the second strategy effectively addresses these shortcomings,tackling challenges such as potential negative consequences,slippery slopes and manipulation,thereby providing a stronger defense for the God Machine.
作者
张梓宁
刘杨
ZHANG Zining;LIU Yang(School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,China)
出处
《东北大学学报(社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第3期27-34,114,共9页
Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJA720008)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金——武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)。
关键词
道德增强
上帝机器
自由意志
道德责任
修正主义
moral enhancement
God Machine
free will
moral responsibility
revisionism
