摘要
波导具有高功率处理能力和低损耗特性等显著优势,使其成为大增益、高效率阵列天线设计中的热门选择;在汽车毫米波雷达尤其是4D成像雷达设计中,已有波导天线取代微带天线的发展趋势。本文从波导、天线概念两方面入手,介绍了空气波导、介质波导和基片集成波导以及波导缝隙天线和波导天线封装技术的应用发展,梳理了波导天线与微带天线在性能、设计与加工三个维度方面的优劣势对比,阐述了基片集成波导、波导缝隙天线、化学蚀刻工艺加工的介质填充波导、数控钻铣工艺加工的空气波导(波导腔)等印制板加工关键技术;以期对PCB制造业同行有所帮助。
Waveguides offer significant advantages such as high power-processing capability and low-loss properties,making them a popular choice in the design of large gain and high-efficiency array antennas.In the design of automotive millimeter-wave radar antennas,especially 4D imaging radar,the replacement of microstrip patch antennas with waveguide antennas has become a development trend.Starting from the concepts of waveguide and antenna,this article introduces the application and development of air waveguide,dielectric waveguide and substrate integrated waveguide(SIW),as well as slot antenna and gap waveguide antenna packaging technologies.Then,the advantages and disadvantages of waveguide antennas and microstrip antennas in terms of performance,design and processing in three dimensions are sorted out.Finally,the key technologies development for printed circuit board(PCB)processing including SIW,waveguide slot antenna,dielectric waveguide by chemical etching and air waveguide(as gap waveguide)by computer numerical control(CNC)drilling&milling.And it is hoped that this paper can be helpful to PCB manufacturers.
作者
袁欢欣
林旭荣
Yuan Huangxin;Lin Xurong
出处
《印制电路信息》
2025年第S1期52-58,共7页
Printed Circuit Information
关键词
汽车雷达
波导天线
波导缝隙天线
波导腔
基片集成波导
印制板
Automotive Radar
Waveguide Antenna
Slot Antenna
Gap Waveguide
Substrate Integrated Waveguide
Printed Circuit Board
