摘要
自现代哲学以来,内在对象的客体性得到界定,而外在事物却沦为“无客体性的客体”。这些事物缺乏概念锁定的同一性,仅展现出自然的变化模态,这就需要在我思(cogito)的视界外拓展出一套及物的主体性模式。唯有通过能够实现主体性的动词,外在事物的客体性才得以建构。动词通过塑形、赋值或制作,使外在事物被定义为“如此某物”,从而使之获得对应的客体性。能改变实在世界的主体,必须落实为具有创造力的“我作”(creo)。我思与我作构成主体性的两极:前者开启了无限可能性,后者则收敛可能性。在此基础上,衍生出两种思维模式,即名词思维与动词思维。名词的功用在于建立一个虚构的概念世界,制造了一个用来解释真实世界的元世界(meta-world),但无法处理动态变化的事物。因此,需要以动词为基础,发展与复杂动态事物相契合的动词思维和逻辑。
Modern philosophy, especially phenomenology, has successfully explained and defined the objectivity of the inner intentional objects as such, and then presumed the real world of objects without objectivity, ironically ending up in either an epistemological or ontological scandal. Zhao Tingyang instead proposes a philosophy of verbs which, mainly as transitive verbs, actually build and constitute the objectivity of reality. This new paradigm of philosophy accounts for the complexity and emergences of doing and making,based upon facio and/or creo as a first concept to philosophical questions, paralleling to cogito that explains everything as cogitatum in terms of nouns. To sum up, Zhao Tingyang's thought marks a metaphysical turn from the philosophy which arises in the Platonian-Aristotelian tradition to a philosophy of verbs in contemporary pace with the complexity science.
出处
《哲学研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期115-130,173,174,共18页
Philosophical Research
