摘要
《集成》11163玄鏐戈銘文中舊釋蔡、夭或大(夫)之字,在“大”形上部尚有△形符號,過去對其字形的摹寫多有誤,新見的玄鏐戈銘文可爲此提供證明。據安大簡《詩經》中“夫”字寫作■(《兔罝》簡13)、■(《黄鳥》簡52)等形的資料,可知諸件玄鏐戈中“大”形上部增加有三角形(▲或△)部件的這類字應徑釋爲“夫”。此種玄鏐戈的國别過去一直存有争議,或以爲屬楚,或以爲屬越。戈銘“夫”字與作爲楚文字的安大簡《詩經》“夫”字形體一致,可以證明曹錦炎先生過去推測其國别屬楚,應是較爲合理的。
The character in the inscriptions of Xuanliu dagger-axe(玄鏐戈)of Inscription 11163 in the Compilation of Bronze Inscriptions of the Yin and Zhou Periods,presents the appearance of graphic form da(大)with a symbol△above,which was often miscopied and interpreted as cai(蔡),yao(夭)or da(大).The newfound inscriptions of Xuanliu dagger-axe can provide evidence for this.In the Anhui University bamboo-slip Classic of Poetry,the character fu(夫)was writtern as■(on Slip 13 of the Rabbit Nets)or■(on Slip 52 of the Yellow Birds),etc.,and thus it can be known that the character in the inscriptions of Xuanliu dagger-axe,which has a triangular component part(△or▲)above,should be directly interpreted as fu.It is always controversial from which state this Xuanliu dagger-axe was forged.Some think it belongs to the state of Chu,and others think it belongs to the state of Yue.Because the character fu in the inscriptions of the dagger-axe is consistent with the Chu script in the Anhui University bamboo-slip Classic of Poetry,it ought to be fairly reasonable that the origin is the state of Chu,as Cao Jinyan speculated in the past.
作者
馬超
馬桂星
Ma Chao;Ma Guixing
基金
國家社科基金重大項目“商周金文字詞集注與釋譯(13&ZD130)”
國家社科基金青年項目“金文所見兩周古國爵姓及存滅史料整理與研究(19CZS014)”
西南大學創新團隊項目“古文字與出土文獻研究(SWU2009108)”的階段性成果。
关键词
安大簡詩經
玄鏐戈
夫字
Anhui University bamboo-slip Classic of Poetry
Xuanliu daggeraxe(玄鏐戈)
Character fu(夫)
