摘要
为探明黄河流域宁夏段最具代表性的支流清水河流域地表水水化学控制因素和高氟水成因,于2022年平水期(5月)、丰水期(7月)和枯水期(12月)对清水河流域30个点位进行3次采样。分析水化学组分和氟的时空分布特征,解析高氟水的形成机制和富集机制,基于绝对因子分析多元线性回归受体模型定量计算不同因素对流域地表水水化学组分的贡献。结果表明:清水河流域地表水呈弱碱性,总体上阴离子质量浓度表现为SO_(4)^(2-)>Cl^(-)>HCO_(3)^(-),阳离子质量浓度表现为Na^(+)>Mg^(2+)>Ca^(2+)>K^(+);F^(-)质量浓度表现为枯水期>丰水期>平水期,支流>水库>干流;地表水水化学类型以SO_(4)-Cl^(-)Na型为主,其次为SO_(4)-Cl^(-)Ca-Mg型;蒸发浓缩、岩石风化、矿物溶解沉淀和阳离子交换吸附是控制高氟水形成的主要因素,气候、地形和水化学组分是控制高氟水富集的主要因素;自然因素是清水河流域地表水水化学的关键驱动因子,对研究区地表水水化学组分的贡献占77.56%,人为活动主要贡献了TP(59%)、SO_(4)^(2-)(10%)和Ca^(2+)(10%);自然物源对研究区地表水水化学组分的贡献表现为硫酸盐矿物风化>硅酸盐矿物风化>碳酸盐矿物风化>岩盐风化,其中F^(-)的主要贡献源是硫酸盐矿物风化(56%)。
The most representative samples were collected three times at 30 points in the Qingshui River Basin in Ningxia in level period(May),wet period(July)and dry period(December)of 2022 in order to explore the hydrochemical control factors and the causes of high-fluorine water in the Qingshui River Basin.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of hydrochemical components and fluorine was analyzed,the formation and enrichment mechanisms of high fluorine water were analyzed,and the contribution of different factors to the hydrochemical components of surface water in the basin was calculated by APCS-MLR.The results show that the surface water in Qingshui River Basin is weakly alkaline,the anion concentration was SO_(4)^(2-)>Cl^(-)>HCO_(3)^(-),and the cation concentration was Na^(+)>Mg^(2+)>Ca^(2+)>K+.The F^(-)concentration was dry period>wet period>level period,tributary>reservoir>trunk stream.The main hydrochemical type of surface water is SO_(4)-Cl^(-)Na type,followed by SO_(4)-Cl^(-)Ca-Mg type.The formation of high fluorine water is controlled by evaporation and concentration,rock weathering,mineral dissolution and precipitation,cation exchange and adsorption,and the enrichment of high fluorine water is controlled by climate,terrain and hydrochemical composition.Natural factors are the key driving factors for the hydrochemistry of surface water in Qingshui River Basin,contributing 77.56%to the hydrochemical components of surface water in the study area,and human activities mainly contribute TP(59%),SO_(4)^(2-)(10%)and Ca^(2+)(10%).The contribution of natural sources to the hydrochemical components of surface water in the study area is as follows:sulfate mineral weathering>silicate mineral weathering>carbonate mineral weathering>rock salt weathering,and the main contribution source of F^(-)is sulfuric acid rock mineral weathering(56%).
作者
赵增锋
王楚尤
邱小琮
周瑞娟
杨强强
赵睿智
ZHAO Zengfeng;WANG Chuyou;QIU Xiaocong;ZHOU Ruijuan;YANG Qiangqiang;ZHAO Ruizhi(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Environment Monitoring Center,Yinchuan 750000,China)
出处
《地学前缘》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期462-473,共12页
Earth Science Frontiers
基金
宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2023AAC02026)
宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)项目(NXYLXK2021A03)
宁夏回族自治区生态环境厅科研项目(2022015)。
关键词
清水河流域
地表水
水化学
氟
富集
Qingshui River Basin
surface water
hydrochemistry
fluorine
enrichment
