摘要
本试验旨在研究不同亚麻籽水平饲粮对舍饲牦牛生长性能、血清生化指标、瘤胃发酵参数及瘤胃菌群结构的影响。试验选取体重接近、健康状况良好的2~3岁雄性牦牛60头,随机分为4组,每组15头牛。各组分别饲喂亚麻籽水平分别为0(A组,对照组)、5%(B组)、10%(C组)、15%(D组)的试验饲粮。预试期15 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)C和D组的干物质采食量显著高于A组(P<0.05),B和C组的料重比显著低于A组(P<0.05)。2)B和D组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于A组(P<0.05),D组的血清尿素氮含量显著高于A组(P<0.05)。3)B、C和D组的瘤胃pH显著高于A组(P<0.05),B、C和D组的瘤胃氨态氮、微生物蛋白含量显著低于A组(P<0.05),B组的瘤胃乙酸/丙酸显著低于A组(P<0.05)。4)在门水平上,B和C组的瘤胃厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著高于A组(P<0.05),B和C组的瘤胃拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)相对丰度显著低于A组(P<0.05),B组的瘤胃变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria)相对丰度显著高于A组(P<0.05),B、C和D组的瘤胃放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)相对丰度显著低于A组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,B、C和D组的瘤胃理研菌科RC9肠道群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)相对丰度显著低于A组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加5%的亚麻籽提高了牦牛生长性能和瘤胃液优良菌门的相对丰度。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different flaxseed level diets on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbiota structure of house-fed yaks.Sixty male yaks aged 2 to 3 years with similar body weight and good health condition were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 15 yaks in each group.Yaks in 4 groups were fed experimental diets which flaxseed levels were 0(group A,control group)5%(group B),10%(group C)and 15%(group D),respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 15 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)the dry matter intake of groups C and D was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio of groups B and C was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05).2)The serum alanine aminotransferase activity of groups B and D was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),and the serum urea nitrogen content of group D was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).3)The rumen pH of groups B,C and D was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),the contents of ammonia nitrogen and microbial protein in rumen of groups C and D was significantly lower than those of group A(P<0.05),and the rumen acetate/propionate of group B was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05).4)At phylum level,the rumen Firmicutes relative abundance of groups B and C was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),the rumen Bacteroidota relative abundance of groups B and C was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05),the rumen Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria relative abundances of group B was significantly higher than those of group A(P<0.05),the rumen Actinobacteriota relative abundance of groups B,C and D was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05).At genus level,the rumen Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group relative abundance of groups B,C and D was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of 5% flaxseed to the diet can increase the growth performance and the relative abundance of good bacterial phyla in rumen of yaks.
作者
张曼
王书祥
程晨旭
申迪
杨英魁
王迅
吕佳颖
刘文辉
张纪元
刘书杰
孔祥颖
柴沙驼
ZHANG Man;WANG Shuxiang;CHENG Chenxu;SHEN Di;YANG Yingkui;WANG Xun;LYU Jiaying;LIU Wenhui;ZHANG Jiyuan;LIU Shujie;KONG Xiangying;CHAI Shatuo(Qinghai Yak Engineering Technology Research Center,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science for Plateau Grazing Livestock,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期7081-7096,共16页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
青海高海拔地区特色养殖提质增效关键技术集成与示范项目(2022YFD1602301)。
关键词
牦牛
亚麻籽
生长性能
血清生化指标
瘤胃发酵
瘤胃微生物
yaks
flaxseed
growth performance
serum biochemical indexes
rumen fermentation
rumen microbiota
