摘要
随着数字乡村建设的推进,中国农村数字基础设施日益完善,但乡村数字基础设施的红利如何惠及农村家庭创业,是一个值得研究的问题。该研究通过匹配《县域数字乡村指数》中的数字基础设施指标与中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的微观数据,采用Probit模型和Tobit模型等方法,从创业选择和创业收入双重视角,实证分析数字基础设施对中国农村家庭创业的影响和作用机制。研究结果表明:①数字基础设施既有助于农村家庭做出创业选择,也显著增加了农村家庭创业收入。②机制分析表明,数字基础设施主要通过创业者数字技术使用影响农村家庭创业选择,并通过创业者对数字信息渠道的利用影响农村家庭创业收入。③异质性分析发现,数字基础设施更有利于促进人力资本水平较高、家庭规模较大、社会资本丰富和经济发展基础较好地区的农村家庭做出创业选择;对于人力资本水平较低和女性等创业弱势群体,以及经济基础较弱地区的农村家庭创业收入增加效应更显著。④进一步分析发现,数字基础设施对促进农村家庭创业选择和收入增加的影响均存在门槛效应。因此,在进一步加强农村数字基础设施建设的同时,既要注意增加数字技术和创业培训,也要注重宏观创业环境的改善,特别要注重对女性等弱势群体的数字创业支持,从而使数字基础设施充分赋能农村家庭创业,激发农村家庭创业积极性,为弱势群体和贫困地区发展带来“换道超车”的机会,助力农民通过创业实现增收致富。
As the construction of digital villages advances in China,rural digital infrastructure is increasingly improving.However,how the dividends of rural digital infrastructure benefit rural household entrepreneurship remains a pertinent topic for research.Utilizing Probit and Tobit models,this study examined the impact and underlying mechanisms of digital infrastructure on rural household entrepreneurship from two perspectives:entrepreneurial choice and income.The analysis matched the digital infrastructure construction indicators from the Index of Digital Rural County with the microdata from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS).The findings revealed that:①Digital infrastructure not only facilitated entrepreneurial choices by rural households but also significantly increased their entrepreneurial income.②Mechanism analysis indicated that digital infrastructure primarily influenced rural household entrepreneurial choices through the application of digital technology by entrepreneurs and affected entrepreneurial income through the utilization of digital information channels.③Heterogeneity analysis showed that digital infrastructure was more conducive to promoting entrepreneurial choices among rural households with higher levels of human capital,larger family sizes,richer social capital,and better economic development foundations.For entrepreneurial vulnerable groups such as those with lower human capital and women,as well as rural households in areas with weaker economic foundations,the income-increasing effect of digital infrastructure on entrepreneurship was more pronounced.④Further analysis revealed the presence of threshold effects in the impact of digital infrastructure on promoting entrepreneurial choices and income increases among rural households.Thus,while further strengthening the construction of rural digital infrastructure,it is imperative to focus on enhancing digital technology skills and entrepreneurship training,as well as improving the macroenvironment.Particular attention should be given to supporting entrepreneurship among disadvantaged groups,such as women.By doing so,digital infrastructure can fully empower rural household entrepreneurship,stimulate entrepreneurial enthusiasm,and offer opportunities for'leapfrog development'to vulnerable groups and impoverished areas,helping farmers to increase their income and achieve prosperity through their entrepreneurial endeavors.
作者
田丽超
张务伟
TIAN Lichao;ZHANG Wuwei(College of Economics and Management(College of Business),Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an Shandong 271018,China;College of Digital Economy,Taishan University,Tai'an Shandong 271000,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期166-178,共13页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“新生代农民工就业质量的空间差异及其效应研究”(批准号:17BJY108)。
关键词
数字基础设施
农村家庭创业
创业选择
创业收入
资源禀赋
digital infrastructure
rural household entrepreneurship
entrepreneurial choice
entrepreneurial income
resource endowment
