摘要
目的探究兰州市60岁及以上老年人轻度认知障碍的患病率,分析轻度认知障碍人群患病的影响因素。方法采用整群分层抽样方法,对60岁及以上并符合条件的老年人进行问卷测查。采用SPSS 26.0软件处理及分析,对筛选出的轻度认知障碍患者进行1∶1病例对照研究,首先进行均衡性检验,通过变量的控制,消除混杂因素,采用Logistics回归分析,对变量进行单因素分析和多因素分析,分析轻度认知障碍患病的影响因素。结果轻度认知障碍的患病率为23.89%;轻度认知障碍在不同的性别、年龄、文化程度和婚姻状况等人口学资料中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度认知障碍患者日常生活能力基本正常或轻微受损;轻度认知障碍人群抑郁得分高于正常人群;对变量进行单因素和多因素分析表明:锻炼(OR=0.531,95%CI:0.340,0.829)、休闲活动(OR=0.570,95%CI:0.368,0.882)、读书看报(OR=0.458,95%CI:0.217,0.965)、棋牌(OR=0.364,95%CI:0.150,0.888)是轻度认知障碍的保护性因素;吸烟(OR=2.525,95%CI:1.402,4.546)、脑血管疾病(OR=9.372,95%CI:1.928,45.545)是轻度认知障碍的危险因素。结论兰州市60岁及以上老年人轻度认知障碍的患病率为23.89%;轻度认知障碍在不同性别、年龄、文化程度和婚姻状况等人口学资料中差异有统计学意义,女性患病率高,高龄是轻度认知障碍的危险因素;无配偶者较有配偶者易出现轻度认知功能障碍;锻炼、休闲活动、读书看报和棋牌是保护性因素,吸烟和脑血管疾病是轻度认知障碍的危险因素;日常生活能力量表(ADL)得分显示轻度认知障碍日常生活能力基本正常或者轻微受损;正常人群和轻度认知障碍人群进行比较,轻度认知障碍人群抑郁得分高于正常人群,80岁以上老年人抑郁的患病率较高。
Objective To explore the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly at 60 years of age and older in Lanzhou,and to analyze the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment.Methods Cluster stratified sampling method was adopted to conduct questionnaire survey on the eligible elderly at 60 years of age and older.SPSS 26.0 software was used for processing and analysis.A 1:1 case-control study was conducted on the selected patients with mild cognitive impairment according to diagnostic criteria and scale test.After the equilibrium test,confounding factors were eliminated through variable control.Using Logistic regression analysis,univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were carried out to analyze the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment.Results The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly was 23.89%.There were significant differences in the baseline bate such as gender,age,education level and marital status in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment(P<0.05).The activities of daily living(ADL)of mild cognitive impairment was basically normal or slightly impaired.Those with mild cognitive impairment had higher depression scores than normal people.Univariate and multivariate analysis of variables showed that:exercise(OR=0.531,95%CI:0.340,0.829),leisure activities(OR=0.570,95%CI:0.368,0.882),reading books and newspapers(OR=0.458,95%CI:0.217-,0.965),and playing chess and cards(OR=0.364,95%CI:0.150,0.888)were protective factors for mild cognitive impairment;Smoking(OR=2.525,95%CI:1.402,4.546)and cerebrovascular disease(OR=9.372,95%CI:1.928,45.545)were risk factors for mild cognitive impairment.Conclusion The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly at 60 years of age and older is 23.89%.There are significant differences in demographic data,such as gender,age,education level and marital status of mild cognitive impairment.
作者
任旭龙
邓吉宝
杨小龙
霍小宁
REN Xu-long;DENG Ji-bao;YANG Xiao-long;HUO Xiao-ning
出处
《中国疗养医学》
2024年第10期108-112,共5页
Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine
基金
兰州市卫生健康重点科技发展项目(2021003)
兰州市卫生健康科技发展项目(2021024)
2022年甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(2022B-441)。
关键词
轻度认知障碍
患病率
影响因素分析
蒙特利尔认知评估量表
Mild cognitive impairment
Prevalence rate
Analysis of influencing factors
Montreal cognitive assessment
