摘要
目的探讨2017—2022年河北省麻疹流行特征及0~14岁儿童麻疹发病的影响因素,为科学防控麻疹提供依据。方法资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统监测报告管理系统,以发病日期为2017年1月—2022年12月的河北省麻疹监测病例个案信息为依据,采用描述性分析方法探讨麻疹流行特征,并采用配对设计的病例对照研究方法探讨0~14岁儿童麻疹发病的影响因素。结果2017—2022年河北省累计报告麻疹病例763例,发病率逐年递减。男女性别比为1.51∶1,发病年龄主要为8月龄~2岁。共有234对儿童进入病例对照研究,条件logistic回归分析显示,接种过含麻疹成分疫苗(OR=0.147,95%CI:0.062~0.348)是0~14岁儿童麻疹发病的保护因素,在现住址居住时间<3个月(OR=11.638,95%CI:1.269~106.692)、发病前7~21 d去过医院(OR=12.081,95%CI:3.289~44.378)是发病的危险因素。结论2017—2022年河北省麻疹发病率呈下降趋势。加强含麻疹成分疫苗的接种、对现住址居住时间<3个月的儿童采取有效的针对性管理和预防医院感染的措施,有助于减少0~14岁儿童麻疹的发生。
Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of measles and the factors influencing measles incidence among children aged 0-14 years in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2022,and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of measles.Methods The data were collected from the Management System for Monitoring and Reporting,China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.The data were based on the information about measles surveillance cases in Hebei Province from January 2017 to December 2022.Descriptive analysis method was used to explore the epidemic characteristics of measles.Pair-matched case-control study was applied to exploring the factors influencing measles incidence among children aged 0-14 years.Results A total of 763 cases of measles were cumulatively reported in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2022,and the incidence was decreasing year by year.The ratio of male to female was 1.51:1.The age of onset of the cases mainly ranged from 8 months to 2 years.A total of 234 pairs of children were enrolled into the case-control study.Conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that having been vaccinated with measles-containing vaccine(OR=0.147,95%CI:0.062-0.348)was the protective factor for measles incidence among children aged 0-14 years,whereas living at present address for less than 3 months(OR=11.638,95%CI:1.269-106.692)and having been to a hospital 7-21 days before the onset of measles(OR=12.081,95%CI:3.289-44.378)were the risk factors for the incidence.Conclusion The incidence rates of measles in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2022 showed a decreasing trend.Strengthening the vaccination of measles-containing vaccine,effectively managing children who live in their current homes for less than 3 months and adopting prevention measures against nosocomial infections are conducive to reducing the occurrence of measles among children aged 0-14 years.
作者
许晓萌
崔世恒
孙丽
王亚菲
王晶辉
XU Xiaomeng;CUI Shiheng;SUN Li;WANG Yafei;WANG Jinghui(Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2024年第7期769-772,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
河北省2021年度医学科学研究课题计划(20210680)。
关键词
麻疹
流行特征
病例对照研究
影响因素
measles
epidemic characteristic
case-control study
influencing factor
