摘要
目的调查深圳市流动儿童麻疹病例的发病特征及导致麻疹发病的影响因素。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析深圳市法定传染病报告系统报告的流动儿童麻疹病例数据,采用群组病例对照研究方法调查其中89例病例组与相应对照组以探讨可能的影响因素。结果 2016-2018年共报告流动儿童麻疹病例108例,发病呈现逐年下降趋势(χ^2趋势=68.35,P<0.001)。研究结果显示,影响流动儿童麻疹发病的危险因素包括7~21 d前就诊史(OR=7.80,95%CI:3.51~17.35,P<0.001)、7~21 d前去过人口密集的场所(OR=3.37,95%CI:1.52~7.47,P=0.002)、7~21 d前有发热-出疹病人接触史(OR=4.57,95%CI:1.41~14.84,P=0.007),而按计划免疫规划接种则为麻疹发病的保护因素(OR=0.12,95%CI:0.04~0.32,P<0.001)。结论流动儿童必须进一步加强疫苗接种,医疗机构应避免成为麻疹传播的关键场所,同时加强麻疹宣教。
Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics of measles cases and the influencing factors of transmission of measles among floating children in Shenzhen.Methods Descriptive study was conducted in data which were collected from the report system of statutory infectious diseases from 2016 to 2018 in Shenzhen.Case-control study was conducted between 89 cases and relative controls.Results A total of 108 measles cases in floating children were reported from 2016 to 2018,and the incidence trend showed a year-on-year decline(χ^2trend=68.35,P<0.001).Analysis showed that nosocomial exposure in 7 to 21 days ago(OR=7.80,95%CI:3.51-17.35,P<0.001),having been to the crowded places(OR=3.37,95%CI:1.52-7.47,P=0.002),having contact history of fever-rash patients(OR=4.57,95%CI:1.41-14.84,P=0.007)were influencing factors of transmission of measles among floating children,and immunization at the prescribed time(OR=0.12,95%CI:0.04-0.32,P<0.001)was a protective factor for measles.Conclusions Vaccination must be strengthened for floating children.Medical institutions should avoid becoming a key place for measles transmission,and need to strengthen health education.
作者
范铎基
陈俊良
孙杨青
莫博惟
王德全
FAN Duo-ji;CHEN Jun-liang;SUN Yang-qing;MO Bo-wei;WANG De-quan(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510310,China;Fuyong Prophylactic Health Care Station,Shenzhen 510310,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期241-244,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20160427092714771)。
关键词
流动儿童
麻疹
发病特征
影响因素
Floating children
Measles
Incidence characteristics
Influencing factor
