摘要
能力建设与海洋技术转让是BBNJ国际谈判进程中的重要议题之一,在2022年3月的BBNJ IGC4中发展中国家和发达国家对于这一议题仍存在实质性分歧。本文通过对海洋技术转让的国际立法进程和现有相关国际立法文件的梳理总结,归纳出BBNJ谈判中发达国家和发展中国家关于国家管辖范围以外区域(ABNJ)进行海洋技术转让相关议题的争议焦点。通过对争议背后根源的剖析,即知识产权的私权属性及其制度原理与BBNJ全球海洋生物多样性整体安排的宗旨设计冲突,推演出对知识产权本质问题的探讨,进而探究在ABNJ中进行海洋技术转让的可行路径,包括强调重视知识产权制度的利益平衡原则和公共利益属性,制定海洋技术标准,推进共享海洋技术的合作管理平台的构建,从而合理促进海洋技术的发展与转让,实现国家管辖范围以外的国际良好合作。
Capacity-building and the transfer of marine technology are one of the important topics in the BBNJ international negotiation.There were still substantive differences in this topic between developing and developed countries at BBNJ IGC4 in March 2022.By sorting out and summarizing the international legislative process of marine technology transfer and the existing relevant international legislative documents,this paper points out the controversial focus of developed and developing countries on marine technology transfer in areas beyond national jurisdiction(ABNJ)in BBNJ negotiations.Through the analysis of the roots of the dispute,the paper explores the private attribute and institutional principle of intellectual property conflict with the purpose of BBNJ marine biological diversity overall arrangement,discusses the nature of intellectual property,and then probes the feasible path of marine technology transfer in ABNJ.It includes emphasizing the principle of interest balance and the attribute of public interests of the intellectual property system,formulating marine technology standards,and boosting the construction of a cooperative management platform for sharing marine technology,so as to promote the development and transfer of marine technology and realize good international cooperation beyond the scope of national jurisdiction.
作者
刘惠荣
毛政凯
Liu Huirong;Mao Zhengkai(School of Law,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》
2022年第6期86-97,共12页
Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金“新时代海洋强国建设”重大专项课题(20VHQ001)。
关键词
国家管辖范围以外
BBNJ
海洋技术转让
知识产权
利益平衡原则
areas beyond national jurisdiction
BBNJ
the transfer of marine technology
intellectual property
principle of interest balance
