摘要
[目的]研究根据DHI测定方法,对奶牛场的育种与繁殖情况进行评价,旨在改进管理措施,提高奶牛场的技术管理水平和经济效益。[方法]通过采集宁夏某奶牛场12个月的DHI报表数据,分析乳脂肪、乳蛋白、尿素氮、体细胞数、泌乳持续力等关键性指标,对该奶牛场的生产性能、经营管理、育种繁殖状况进行综合评定。[结果]结果表明,该牛场的泌乳高峰日到达较晚;牛群乳房炎在冬季发生率较高;群体尿素氮含量处于正常范围(10~18 mg/dL),对奶牛的繁殖性能影响较小;泌乳持续力较高、奶牛群体平均泌乳天数较长引起的繁殖问题较严重。[结论]该奶牛场的高峰日大于正常范围,因而在实际工作中应注意调整日粮结构,做好干奶期、泌乳早期奶牛饲养管理工作,充分发挥牛群的产奶潜力。
[Objective]This study was aim to analyze the production performance,operation,and management using the test method of DHI,and to evaluate the breeding and reproduction status of the dairy farm comprehensively.[Methods]The DHI report data of an animal husbandry Co.,Ltd in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region within 12 months were collected to analyze the key indexes such as milk fat,milk protein,urea nitrogen,somatic cell number,and lactation sustainability.[Results]The results showed that the peak day of lactation was late.The incidence of mastitis in cattle is higher in winter.Population urea nitrogen content was within the normal range(10-18 mg/dL),which had little effect on the reproductive performance of dairy cows.[Conclusion]In this dairy farm,the range of peak lactation days was longer than normal.Therefore,the diet structure,feeding,and management in the dry period and early lactation should be paid attention to,make full use of the milking potential of cows.
作者
李芬
来裕婷
虎红红
王彦英
马云
LI Fen;LAI Yu-ting;HU Hong-hong;WANG Yan-ying;MA Yun(Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021)
出处
《中国牛业科学》
2021年第6期35-40,46,共7页
China Cattle Science
基金
国家现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-36)
宁夏自治区重点研发项目(2021BEF01001,2021NXZD1)。
关键词
DHI报表
奶牛
生产性能
乳脂率
尿素氮
DHI statements
dairy cow
production performance
somatic cell
milk fat percentage
urea nitrogen
