摘要
为研究轮对弹性振动特性及其对重载货车动力学性能的影响,以30 t轴重重载货车为研究对象,对轮对刚、柔建模时的整车运动稳定性、曲线通过性能等进行了对比研究.首先,给出了多体动力学中弹性体的数学建模方法;其次,建立轮对柔性体有限元模型,分析了轮对的弹性振动模态,进一步将其集成于多刚体系统中,形成重载货车刚柔耦合动力学分析模型;最后,针对货车多刚体和刚柔耦合两类建模方法,以干线不平顺叠加短波不平顺作为系统激励源,对比分析了重载货车的轮对振动响应、蛇行运动稳定性以及动态曲线通过性能的差异.研究结果表明:相对刚性轮对而言,柔性轮对的变形能够缓和轮轨刚性冲击,同时弱化轮轨间的刚性约束能力,导致其振动幅度降低,使得车辆非线性临界速度下降约9%,通过小半径曲线时,轮轨横向力也降低了约13.7%,轮对弹性振动对重载货车动态性能的影响同样不容忽视.
To study the characteristics of wheelset elastic vibration and their effect on the dynamic performance of heavy-haul freight wagon,a railway wagon with a 30 t axle load is considered as the research object in this work.The running stability and the curving performance of vehicle are investigated in a comparative manner.First,the mathematical modeling method of elastic body based on multi-body dynamics is presented.Then,a finite element model of wheelset’s flexible body is established,and the elastic vibration modes are analyzed.The flexible wheelset is integrated in to the multi-rigid-body system,which then forms the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of heavy-haul wagon.Finally,for the multi-rigid body and rigid-flexible coupling modeling methods used for the wagon,the differences in wheelset vibration responses,running stability,and curving performance characteristics determined by these methods for a heavy-haul wagon were compared when using the main-line track irregularity with short-wave irregularity as the excitation source.The research results indicate that the deformation of elastic wheelset can alleviate the wheel-rail impact and also weaken the wheel-rail rigid restraining effect when compared with rigid wheelset.Therefore,the vibration amplitude for the flexible wheelset is reduced and the vehicle’s nonlinear critical speed is decreases by 9%.In sharp curves,the wheel-rail lateral force of flexible wheelset is reduced by 13.7%.The influence of wheelset’s elastic vibration on the dynamic performance of the heavy-haul wagon thus can not be ignored.
作者
刘鹏飞
刘红军
高昊
任尊松
张凯龙
LIU Pengfei;LIU Hongjun;GAO Hao;REN Zunsong;ZHANG Kailong(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《西南交通大学学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期90-98,234,共10页
Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University
基金
国家自然科学基金(52072249,11790282)。
关键词
重载货车
弹性轮对
振动模态
临界速度
动力学性能
heavy-haul freight wagon
flexible wheelset
vibration mode
critical speed
dynamic performance
