摘要
计算思维是STEM问题解决中的一项关键能力,培养学生的计算思维已逐渐成为STEM教育的重要目标。然而当前如何在STEM工程设计教学中培养学生的计算思维,还有待深入探索。面向计算思维培养的STEM工程设计教学模式以计算思维、STEM学科内容知识以及教学法的整合为核心,通过工程设计发挥"系统流程"优势,将科学、技术与数学相关活动整合在一起,让学生在"需要知道"和"需要做"的循环过程中感知情境性问题,解决挑战性任务。该模式在STEM课程"植物工厂"中的教学应用表明:将计算思维的概念与实践融入STEM工程设计的各个环节,能显著提升学生的STEM态度和计算思维能力,并且STEM态度对计算思维具有预测作用。未来,通过STEM教育发展计算思维将成为一种跨学科的思维实践,基于证据的多元评价方式将有利于STEM教育中计算思维的培养。
Computational thinking(CT)is a crucial competence in problem solving-based STEM education,and cultivating students’CT skills has gradually become an important goal of STEM education.However,how to facilitate students’CT skills in engineering design based STEM education remains to be further explored.The CT cultivation-oriented STEM-integrated engineering design teaching mode centers on the integration of CT,STEM subject content knowledge and teaching method,gives full play to the advantages of“system process”through engineering design,and integrates science,technology and mathematics related activities together.Through the“need to know”and“need to do”cycle,students are allowed to perceive the situational problems,and eventually solve the challenging tasks.The teaching application of this mode in STEM curriculum“Plant Factory”shows that integrating the concept and practice of CT into STEM-integrated engineering design can significantly improve students’STEM attitude and CT competence.In addition,STEM attitude has a predictive effect on CT skills.In the future,the development of CT through STEM education will become an interdisciplinary thinking practice,and evidence-based multiple evaluation will be conducive to the cultivation of CT in STEM education.
作者
周平红
牛钰琨
王康
张屹
李幸
上超望
ZHOU Pinghong;NIU Yukun;WANG Kang;ZHANG Yi;LI Xing;SHANG Chaowang
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期104-112,共9页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
华中师范大学国家教师发展协同创新实验基地建设研究项目“人工智能教育视域下教师跨学科教学创新与实践研究”(CCNUTEIII 2021-20)
2018年度国家自然科学基金项目“促进小学生计算思维培养的跨学科STEM+C教学理论与实证研究”(71874066)。
