摘要
本试验旨在研究牛樟芝多糖(ACP)对脂多糖(LPS)应激黄羽肉鸡生长性能和空肠黏膜完整性的影响,并与黄芪多糖(APS)和藻类多糖(ADP)的作用效果进行对比,分析其作用机制。试验选用1200只健康状况良好的9日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡(母雏),逐只称重,根据体重一致原则分为8个组(每组6个重复,每个重复25只鸡),分别为:空白对照组(基础饲粮)、LPS应激组(基础饲粮+LPS应激)、抗生素组(基础饲粮+LPS应激+20 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素)、100 mg/kg ACP组(基础饲粮+LPS应激+100 mg/kg ACP)、200 mg/kg ACP组(基础饲粮+LPS应激+200 mg/kg ACP)、400 mg/kg ACP组(基础饲粮+LPS应激+400 mg/kg ACP)、400 mg/kg APS组(基础饲粮+LPS应激+400 mg/kg APS)和200 mg/kg ADP组(基础饲粮+LPS应激+200 mg/kg ADP)。于18和20日龄,空白对照组每只鸡腹腔注射0.50 mL的生理盐水,其他组分别腹腔注射0.50 mL的LPS(500μg/kg BW)。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与空白对照组相比,LPS应激显著降低了肉鸡生长性能(P<0.05);与LPS应激组相比,其他组肉鸡平均日采食量均显著提高(P<0.05),200 mg/kg ADP组平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮添加不同多糖对肉鸡生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与LPS应激组和抗生素组相比,饲粮添加200和400 mg/kg ACP显著提高了肉鸡血浆和空肠黏膜中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P<0.05);与LPS应激组相比,各ACP组肉鸡血浆和空肠黏膜中丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与LPS应激组相比,饲粮添加ACP和APS显著降低了肉鸡血浆中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和干扰素-γ含量(P<0.05),显著降低了空肠黏膜中TNF-α、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6含量(P<0.05),但只有饲粮添加100 mg/kg ACP显著提高了空肠黏膜中白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量(P<0.05)。4)与LPS应激组相比,各ACP组和400 mg/kg APS组肉鸡空肠绒毛高度显著增加(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),绒隐比(绒毛高度/隐窝深度)显著提高(P<0.05),肠壁厚度也显著降低(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,各ACP组和APS组空肠绒毛高度没有显著变化(P>0.05),但显著改善隐窝深度、肠壁厚度和绒隐比(P<0.05)。相较于各ACP组和400 mg/kg APS组,200 mg/kg ADP组肉鸡空肠黏膜结构完整性较差。5)与LPS应激组和抗生素组相比,各ACP组和400 mg/kg APS组肉鸡空肠Toll样受体4(TLR4)、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)和IL-1β的mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。与LPS应激组相比,各ACP组空肠黏蛋白2(MUC2)、封闭蛋白-1(claudin-1)、闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO-1)和闭锁蛋白(occludin)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05),400 mg/kg APS组空肠MUC2、claudin-1和occludin mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05),200 mg/kg ADP组空肠claudin-1 mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮添加200和400 mg/kg ACP显著提高空肠MUC2、claudin-1和occludin mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。综上所述,在快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡基础饲粮中添加ACP,可有效缓解LPS诱导的生长抑制、氧化损伤和肠道结构损伤,且效果优于抗生素;其作用机制可能与APS类似,即通过抑制LPS诱导的TLR4/NF-κB表达,进而抑制炎症反应的发生,提高机体抗氧化能力并增强肠道黏膜屏障功能,充分发挥修复炎症损伤的功能;由于ACP不存在添加剂量依赖性,建议添加100 mg/kg。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Antredia cinnamomea polysaccharide(ACP)on growth performance and jejunal mucosa integrity of yellow-feathered chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS). And the mechanism was analyzed by comparing the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide(APS)and algae-derived polysaccharide(ADP). According to the principle of consistent body weight,1 200 healthy 9-day-old fast-large type Lingnan yellow-feathered chickens(female)were divided into 8 groups(6 replicates per group and 25 chickens per replicate)which were blank control group(basal diet),LPS stress group(basal diet + LPS stress),antibiotics group(basal diet + LPS stress + 20 mg/kg virginiamycin),100 mg/kg ACP group(basal diet+LPS stress+100 mg/kg ACP),200 mg/kg ACP group(basal diet+LPS stress+200 mg/kg ACP),400 mg/kg ACP group(basal diet+LPS stress+400 mg/kg ACP),400 mg/kg APS group(basal diet+LPS stress+400 mg/kg APS)and 200 mg/kg ADP group(basal diet+LPS stress+200 mg/kg ADP),respectively. At 18 and 20 days of age,each chicken in the blank control group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.50 mL of normal saline,and in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with0.50 mL of LPS(500μg/kg BW),respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the blank control group,LPS stress significantly decreased the growth performance of chickens(P<0.05);compared with the LPS stress group,the average daily feed intake of chickens in the other groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the average daily gain of chickens in 200 mg/kg ADP group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with the antibiotics group,different dietary polysaccharides had no significant effects on growth performance of chickens(P<0.05). 2)Compared with the LPS stress group and antibiotics group,dietary 200 and 400 mg/kg ACP significantly increased the glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma and jejunal mucosa of chickens(P<0.05);compared with the LPS stress group,the malondialdehyde content in plasma and jejunal mucosa of chickens in ACP groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the LPS stress group,dietary ACP and APS significantly decreased the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)and interferon-γin plasma of chickens(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the contents of TNF-α,interleukin-1β (IL-1β)and interleukin-6 in jejunal mucosa of chickens(P<0.05). However,only dietary 100 mg/kg ACP significantly increased the interleukin-10(IL-10)content of in jejunal mucosa(P<0.05). 4)Compared with the LPS stress group,the jejunal villus height of chickens in ACP groups and 400 mg/kg APS group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the crypt depth was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the villus height to crypt depth ratio was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the intestinal wall thickness was also significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the antibiotics group,the jejunal villus height in ACP and APS groups had no significant change(P<0.05),but the crypt depth,intestinal wall thickness and villus height to crypt depth ratio were significantly improved(P<0.05). Compared with ACP groups and 400 mg/kg APS group,the structural integrity of jejunal mucosa of chickens in 200 mg/kg ADP group was worse. 5)Compared with the LPS stress group and antibiotics group,the mRNA relative expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and IL-1β in jejunum of chickens in ACP groups and 400 mg/kg APS group were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the LPS stress group,the mRNA relative expression levels of mucin 2(MUC2),claudin-1,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin in jejunum in ACP groups were significantly increased(P<0.05). The mRNA relative expression levels of MUC2,claudin-1 and occludin in jejunum in 400 mg/kg APS group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the claudin-1 mRNA relative expression level in jejunum in 200 mg/kg ADP group was significantly increased(P<0.05). Compared with the antibiotics group,dietary 200 and 400 mg/kg ACP significantly increased the mRNA relative expression levels of MUC2,claudin-1 and occludin in jejunum(P<0.05). In conclusion,the basal diet supplemented with ACP for fast-large type Lingnan yellow-feathered chickens can effectively alleviate the growth inhibition,oxidative damage and intestinal structure damage induced by LPS,and the effect is better than that of antibiotics. The mechanism of action may be similar to that of APS,that is,by inhibiting the expression of TLR4/NF-κB induced by LPS,then the inflammatory response can be inhibited,the antioxidant capacity of the body can be improved,and the intestinal mucosa barrier function can be enhanced,so as to fully play the function of repairing inflammatory injury. As ACP is not dose-dependent,100 mg/kg is recommended.
作者
叶金玲
范秋丽
林厦菁
王一冰
张盛
苟钟勇
蒋守群
YE Jinling;FAN Qiuli;LIN Xiajing;WANG Yibing;ZHANG Sheng;GOU Zhongyong;JIANG Shouqun(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期5601-5616,共16页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(31802104)
财政部和农业农村部-国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41)
广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515012412,2021A1515010830)
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202090004)
广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(202106TD,R2019PY-QF008)。
关键词
牛樟芝多糖
黄羽肉鸡
LPS
生长性能
空肠黏膜
Antredia cinnamomea polysaccharide
yellow-feathered chickens
LPS
growth performance
jejunal mucosa
