摘要
为了揭示"黄精"花中主要营养与功效成分,采集安徽青阳、浙江庆元多花黄精花和根茎,浙江龙游长梗黄精花和根茎,分别测定多糖、皂苷、总酚、氨基酸、矿质元素含量和DPPH自由基清除率。结果表明多花黄精和长梗黄精花中均含有丰富的多糖、皂苷、酚性成分、氨基酸和矿质元素,其中多糖质量分数为60.88~97.00 mg·g-1,约为根茎中含量的1/2;皂苷质量分数为32.55~40.93 mg·g-1,与根茎接近;总酚为40.79~50.95 mg·g-1,约为根茎的4.5倍;总氨基酸为111.85~131.03 mg·g-1,约为根茎的2.3倍,人体必须氨基酸占总氨基酸量的33.77%~35.71%,并含有丰富的味觉氨基酸;矿质元素钾、钙、铁、锌等含量较高,重金属元素含量均在限量标准规定以内;DPPH清除率IC50为1.77~3.25 mg·mL-1,显著低于根茎,抗氧化活性显著高于根茎。研究结果初步揭示了历代本草所载"黄精花胜于根"的物质基础,表明黄精花具有很好的功能食品开发潜力。此外,花中多糖、皂苷、氨基酸、总酚等营养功效物质物种、种源间差异明显,开展品种选育对提高花的质量与产量十分重要。
To reveal the main nutrients and functional ingredients in the flowers of Polygonatum cyrtonema and P. filipes, the content of the polysaccharides, saponins, amino acids, total phenols, mineral elements, and the DPPH free radical scavenging rates were determined. The flowers and rhizomes of P. cyrtonema were collected from Qingyang in Anhui and Qingyuan in Zhejiang, while the flowers and rhizomes of P. filipes were collected from Longyou in Zhejiang, respectively. The results showed that the polysaccharides content in flowers varied from 60.88 to 97.00 mg·g-1, about half of that in rhizomes. The saponins content in flowers varied from 32.55 to 40.93 mg·g-1, which was close to the content in rhizomes. The content of total phenols ranged from 40.79 to 50.95 mg·g-1, approximately 4.5 times of that in rhizomes. The total amino acids content in flowers was 111.85 to 131.03 mg·g-1, about 2.3 times of the content in rhizomes. The essential trace element content was abundant in flowers. The contents of heavy metal elements were all within the limits set by the standards. The DPPH free radical scavenging rate IC50 varied from 1.77 to 3.25 mg·mL-1, less than one-fifth of that in rhizomes, showing a significant superiority of antioxidant activity compared to rhizomes. The results initially revealed the fundamental of "the flowers exceed the rhizomes in effect", the common saying about the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs over the years, indicating a great developing potential of the flowers. Besides, as polysaccharides, saponins, amino acids, total phenols and other nutritive substances in flowers differ widely among species and provenances, it′s important to develop variety breeding to improve the quality and yield of flowers.
作者
张泽锐
黄申
刘京晶
张新凤
斯金平
ZHANG Ze-rui;HUANG Shen;LIU Jing-jing;ZHANG Xin-feng;SI Jin-ping(State Key Laboratory Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1329-1333,共5页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
浙江省林业厅省院合作重点项目(2017SY06)
浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGN19H280003)。
关键词
多花黄精
长梗黄精
花
多糖
皂苷
总酚
氨基酸
矿质元素
抗氧化活性
Polygonatum cyrtonema
Polygonatum filipes
flowers
polysaccharides
saponins
total phenols
amino acids
mineral elements
antioxidant activity
