摘要
行政罚没款的民事追偿是指,市场流通环节的销售者因其经营质量缺陷产品的违法行为受到市场监管部门处罚后,基于该罚没款项向上游供货商或生产者要求民事赔偿的现象。与销售者在民事法律关系中产品质量追偿权的成立条件不同,行政处罚这一公法上惩戒手段的制裁性以及被处罚人基于过错而形成的责任之专属性,排除了对该公法之债进行民事追偿的可能。销售者应积极寻求行政复议或者行政诉讼等救济途径主张自身权利,而非将其自身应当承担或本应免除的行政责任转嫁于人。
Civil recovery of administrative fines generally refers to a civil action taken by a seller against his supplier or producer for monetary compensation after the seller was fined by the relevant market regulatory department for selling defective products. Unlike seeking damages by the seller in a civil action, the sanction of administrative punishment as a measure in public law and the exclusivity of liability based on the fault of the defaulted party exclude the civil recoverability of administrative fines. Therefore, the seller should positively seek remedies through administrative reconsideration procedures or administrative litigation rather than simply pass on the administrative responsibility to another party.
出处
《政法论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期73-84,共12页
Tribune of Political Science and Law
关键词
行政法律责任的主观要件
行政处罚归责原则
过错推定
Subjective Elements of Administrative Punishment
Doctrine of Liability Imputation
Presumption of Fault
