摘要
【目的】研究以农业废弃物为主要原料的不同配方栽培基质对黄瓜生长的影响,为替代传统草炭基质提供科学依据.【方法】使用传统的草炭、蛭石混合基质为对照,以腐熟的牛粪、菌渣、棉花秸秆为主要原料按不同体积比混合为复合基质,分别为:处理T 0(草炭∶蛭石=3∶1)、处理T 1(腐熟菇渣∶腐熟牛粪∶蛭石∶腐熟棉花秸秆=3∶3∶3∶1)、处理T 2(腐熟菇渣∶腐熟牛粪∶蛭石∶腐熟棉花秸秆=4∶2∶3∶1)、处理T 3(腐熟菇渣∶蛭石∶腐熟棉花秸秆=5∶1∶3∶1)、处理T 4(腐熟菇渣∶腐熟牛粪∶蛭石∶腐熟棉花秸秆=6∶3∶1).对比不同配比废弃物复合基质的理化性质及黄瓜生长、生理的差异.【结果】不同配比废弃物复合基质理化性状均符合栽培基质的要求.各处理养分含量显著优于对照,其中T 4处理全氮(13.07 g/kg)、全钾(17.92 g/kg)、速效氮(603.17 mg/kg)和速效钾含量(2896 mg/kg)显著高于其他处理,蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性为各处理中最优;T 4处理显著增加黄瓜根系活力和叶片可溶性蛋白含量,且叶绿素总量和干物质积累量为各处理中最高,生长指标综合评价系数为0.93.【结论】以腐熟菌渣为主要材料的复配基质处理(T 4)理化性状优于其他处理且植株生长健壮,为本试验最优处理,可代替传统草炭基质用于黄瓜栽培.
【Objective】To explore the effects of different cultivation substrate of agricultural wastes as main raw materials on cucumber growth in order to provide a scientific basis for replacing traditional peat substrate.【Methods】The traditional charcoal and vermiculite mixed substrate was used as control,and the decomposed cattle manure,decomposed mushroom residue and decomposed cotton straw were used as raw materials to design the mixed substrate in different volume ratios.The designed treatments were:T 0(peat:vermiculite=3∶1),T 1(decomposed mushroom residue∶decomposed cow dung∶vermiculite∶decomposed cotton straw=3∶3∶3∶1),T 2(decomposed mushroom residue∶decomposed cattle manure∶vermiculite∶ratio of decomposed cotton straw=4∶2∶3∶1),T 3(decomposed mushroom residue∶vermiculite∶decomposed cotton straw=5∶1∶3∶1)and T 4(decomposed mushroom residue∶decomposed cattle manure∶vermiculite∶the ratio of decomposed cotton straw=6∶3∶1).【Results】The physiochemical properties of the composite substrates meet the requirements of the cultivation substrate.The nutrient content of each treatment was significantly better than control.The content of total nitrogen(13.07 g/kg),total potassium(17.92 g/kg),available nitrogen(603.17 mg/kg)and available potassium(2896 mg/kg)in T 4 treatment was significantly higher than others,and the activities of invertase,phosphatase and catalase were the best;T4 treatment significantly increased the root activity and soluble protein content of cucumber,the total chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation were the highest,and the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of growth index was 0.93.【Conclusion】T 4 was the best treatment for the cucumber growth and the replace of traditional substrate.
作者
高峰
颉振东
吕剑
张天浩
郁继华
肖雪梅
李静
秦海娟
GAO Feng;XIE Zhen-dong;LYU Jian;ZHANG Tian-hao;YU Ji-hua;XIAOXue-mei;LI Jing;QIN Hai-juan(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Forestry,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期93-101,共9页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
甘肃农业大学省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710733048)
甘肃农业大学盛彤笙科技创新基金项目(GSAU-STS-1638)
甘肃省科技计划项目(1610RJZA098)
甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2017A-031)
甘肃省引导科技创新发展专项资金项目(2018ZX-02)
关键词
黄瓜
基质
菌渣
评价
cucumber
substrate
mushroom compost
judge
