摘要
目的分析2015-2016年新疆麻疹的流行病学特征,为预防和控制麻疹提供参考。方法回顾性分析2015-2016年新疆报告的5769例麻疹确诊病例资料,描述病例的发病时间、年龄和人群分布等特征。结果与2014年相比,2015-2016年新疆出现麻疹疫情高发,流行季节主要在冬春季,发病年龄集中在5岁以下儿童和20~40岁的青壮年,散居儿童、托幼儿童、农民、学生和家政及家务人员等是麻疹高发人群;64.88%的麻疹确诊病例无免疫史、24.91%病人免疫史不详,589例接种过麻疹疫苗(占10.21%)。结论新疆消除麻疹的任务仍比较艰巨,存在不同程度的免疫接种质量问题,适龄儿童麻疹疫苗接种或及时接种存在漏洞;加强适龄儿童麻疹常规免疫接种,及早发现、隔离及治疗传染源,有助于阻断麻疹病毒传播,对控制和消除麻疹具有重要意义。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Xinjiang in recent years,in order to provide evidence for measles prevention and control.Methods The data of 5769 cases of measles diagnosed in Xinjiang from 2015 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed to describe the time,age,and population distribution of the cases.Results There was a high incidence of measles epidemic in Xinjiang from 2015 to 2016 compared with 2014.The epidemic season was mainly concentrated in winter and spring,and the onset age mainly concentrated in children under 5 years and young adults at age from 20 to 40 years.Scattered children,children in child care,farmers,students and household workers were high risk group of measles.There were 64.88%of the confirmed measles cases without immunization history,24.91%with unknown immunization history,and 589 cases(10.21%)received measles vaccination.Conclusions The task of eliminating measles in Xinjiang is still arduous.There are some quality problems of immunization in different degrees and loopholes in measles vaccination or timely vaccination in school-age children.Strengthening routine measles immunization of school-age children and early detection,isolation and treatment of infectious sources can help to prevent the spread of measles virus.These measures are of great significance to control and eliminate measles.
作者
郑强
王新旗
豆智慧
阿斯亚·哈帕尔
王静
ZHENG Qiang;WANG Xin-qi;DOU Zhi-hui;Asiya HAPAER;WANG Jing(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2019年第5期9-12,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
麻疹
流行病学特征
免疫史
Measles
Epidemiological characteristics
Immunization history
